光学相干断层成像检验兔动脉粥样硬化斑块的研究

目的建立兔动脉粥样硬化模型,通过光学相干断层成像(OCT)检测粥样硬化斑块,评价OCT在检测动脉粥样硬化斑块中的临床价值。方法选取22只健康的新西兰白兔,随机分为高脂组和高脂+内膜损伤组,每组10只,另2只作为空白对照组。高脂组单纯喂养高脂饲料;高脂+内膜损伤组除喂养高脂饲料外,4周时行腹主动脉内膜损伤术,12周后行OCT检查,标记斑块远端、近端图像。观察病变处内、中膜厚度,并通过病理检查评价OCT效果。通过病理切片,生物病理图像分析系统处理,分别测量2组兔斑块厚度,并与OCT结果相比较,同时比较不同方法观察到的斑块性质。结果高脂+内膜损伤组12周时,斑块平均厚度(521.3±124.7)μm,高脂组斑块厚度(240.0±73.5)μm,两种不同的方法建立粥样硬化模型在斑块的厚度上存在着显著的差异(P<0.05)。所有实验兔斑块厚度的测量(386.5±125.3)μm,病理为(360.2±98.1)μm,两者相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对于斑块性质的介定两者无明显差异。结论采用动脉内膜损伤+高脂饮食的方式来制作动脉粥样硬化斑块的模型是可行的、实用的。OCT对确定血管斑块的性质介定及厚度的测量结果可靠。

The study of Atherosclerotic Arteries of Rabbit with OCT

Objectives To assess the clinical value of OCT （optical cohelence tomogophy） imaging technique in the evaluation of atherosclerotic plaques through experimental study in rabbits. Methods Twenty-two healthy New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into two groups, with 10 for each group and another two for normal control. One group were put on a cholesterol-supplemented diet; the other group were put on a cholesterol-supplemented diet,and a balloon catheter injury of the abdominal aorta of this group was taken at the end of 4 weeks. The abdominal aorta of both groups were observed by the OCT at the end of 12 weeks. The thicknesses of plaques of both groups were measured and the qualities of plaques were identified. The results of OCT were compared with those of histological examinations and their correlations were calculated. Results （1） The average thicknesses of plaques in the balloon catheter injury group were （521.3±124.7）μm. The average thicknesses of plaques in the cholesterol-supplemented diet group were （240.0±73.5）μm （P〈0.05）. There were significant differences between the two groups. （2） The average thicknesses of plaques measured by the OCT were （386.5±125.3）μm,while those measured by pathological examination were （360.2±98.1）μm （P〉 0.05）. There were no differences of statistical significance between the two methods. Conclusions It is viable to induce an atherosclerosis model by a cholesterol-diet plus a balloon catheter injury of the abdominal aorta in rabbits. OCT can be used to identify the qualities and thicknesses of atherosclerotic plaques accurately.