兰州城区孕妇膳食维生素及微量元素摄入状况调查与评价

目的调查兰州市城区孕妇不同孕期膳食维生素及微量元素摄入状况,并对不同孕期营养摄入状况进行评价。方法以2017年1月-2018年6月在甘肃省妇幼保健院建卡就诊并在本院分娩的单胎孕妇为研究对象,采用24小时膳食回顾法分别在孕早、孕中、孕晚期对孕妇进行膳食调查。结果兰州城市孕妇孕期平均膳食Vit A、Vit B1、烟酸、Vit C、铁、锌、铜的摄入量基本适宜,Vit B2、碘、硒的平均摄入量不足,Vit B6、叶酸的平均摄入量严重不足;孕晚期Vit B1的平均摄入量不足,Vit B2的摄入量严重不足。按家庭收入分层后结果显示,低收入组孕妇膳食Vit B2、烟酸及Vit C的日均摄入量较低(P <0.05),膳食碘、铁、锌、铜、硒的缺乏比例较高(P <0.05)。结论兰州城市孕妇膳食维生素及微量元素摄入缺乏情况在孕早、孕中、孕晚期有其独特性,应有针对性的开展孕期营养管理与干预,提高母婴健康水平。

Investigation and evaluation on dietary intake of vitamins and microelements among pregnant women in urban areas of Lanzhou

Objective To investigate and analyze the dietary intake status of vitamins and microelements among pregnant women in the urban areas of Lanzhou,and evaluate the status of nutritional intake in different trimesters.Methods A total of 8469 singleton pregnant women who received antetal care and gave birth in Gansu Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2017 to June 2018 were taken as the object of study.A 24-hour dietary retrospective method was used to investigate the dietary vitamins and microelements intake in first,second and third trimesters.Results The average dietary intake of Vit A,Vit B1,nicotinic acid,Vit C,iron,zinc and copper of pregnant women was appropriate.The average intake of Vit B2,iodine and selenium is insufficient.The average intake of Vit B6 and folic acid is seriously insufficient.In the third trimester,the average intake of Vit B1 was insufficient,and the intake of Vit B2 was seriously insufficient.The average daily intake of Vit B2,niacin and Vit C in the low monthly income group was lower than that in the other groups(P <0.05).The proportion of dietary deficiency of iodine,iron,zinc,copper and selenium was higher in the low monthly income group(P <0.05).Conclusion The deficiency of dietary vitamins and microelements in urban pregnant women in Lanzhou is unique in the early,middle and third trimester of pregnancy.It is necessary to provide targeted nutrition management and intervention during pregnancy to improve the health level of mothers and infants.