尿微量蛋白联合检测对高原短期暴露人群返回低海拔地区后肾脏脱适应损伤的判定

目的通过对高原短期暴露人群尿微量蛋白变化规律分析，探讨高原脱适应对肾脏的影响。方法高原短期暴露（116d）人员738例，根据返至富氧环境后晨尿中微量蛋白检测时间依次将受检者分为第2、15、30天组，并分别于上述时间检测其尿液中α1-微球蛋白（α—microglobulin，α1—MG）、p2微球蛋白（β2 microglobulin，β2-MG）、尿微量白蛋白（urinary microalbumin，mAlb）水平。结果第2、15、30天组α1-MG持续升高，β2-MG呈先降低后升高趋势，mAlb呈先升高后降低趋势；第30天组α1-MG、β2—MG异常率高于第2天组与第15天组（P〈0．05），mAlb水平低于第15天组，高于第2天组（P均〈0．05），第15天组第α1-MG、mAlb异常率高于第2天组，β2-MG异常率低于第2天组（P〈0．05）。结论高原低氧对肾功能有一定损伤，且返至富氧环境后脱适应对肾功能的损伤有所加剧。

Combined detection of urine microprotein in the diagnosis of kidney deadaptation injury in a population back to low altitude after a short-term exposure to high altitude

Objective To investigate the influence of deadaptation renal injury by analyzing the changes of urine microprotein in a population back to low altitude after a short-term exposure to high altitude. Methods A total of 738 individuals after short-term （116 days） exposure to high altitude were divided into 2-, 15- and 30 day groups according to different time points of detecting urine microprotein in morning urine samples after returning to oxygen-rich environment. Urine α-microglobulin （α1-MG）, β2-microglobulin （β2-MG） and microalbumin （mAlb） were determined by radioimmunoassay. Results The α1-MG level increased in 2-, 15- and 30 day groups in turn, β2-MG level decreased first followed by increasing, and mAlb level increased first followed by decreasing. The abnormal rates of α1-MG and β2-MG were higher in 30-day group than those in 2- and 15-day groups （P〈0.05）. The mAlb level in 30-day group was lower than that in 15-day group and higher than that in 2-day group （P〈0.05）. In 15-day group, the abnormal rate of α1-MG and mAlb were higher and β2-MG was lower than that in 2 day group （P〈0.05）. Conclusions High altitude hypoxia would injure renal function, and deadaptation after returning to oxygen-rich environment which would aggravate the renal injury.