天津市孤独症谱系障碍儿童社区康复效果评价

了解社区康复在孤独症谱系障碍儿童中的作用,探索康复效果的相关影响因素,为更好地改善患儿的相关缺陷提供依据.方法 采用克氏孤独症行为量表(CABS)和儿童孤独症行为量表(ABC)进行筛查,采用精神疾病诊断和统计手册(第5版)(DSM-V)及儿童孤独症评定量表(CARS)进行诊断,选取参加了天津市孤独症谱系障碍儿童社区康复项目的8所幼儿园已完成《孤独症儿童发展评估表》1年3次完整评估的19例孤独症谱系障碍儿童,年龄为24~ 82个月,对其家长进行调查并收集相关信息.采用重复测量方差分析及Pearson线性相关分析进行统计处理.结果 孤独症谱系障碍儿童的8个领域3次评估的得分,每一次较前一次都有不同程度提高(P值均 <0.05).随时间递进的3次评估的康复效果实际年龄与各领域发展年龄的差值呈下降趋势,差异均有统计学意义(P值均 <0.05),且康复手段越多元、越有针对性,效果越好.发现疑似症状的年龄、最终确诊的年龄、首发语言的年龄、能独立行走的年龄、CARS智力功能得分、CARS总分与康复效果在不同领域之间存在统计学意义的相关性(P值均<0.05).结论 天津市的社区康复对孤独症谱系障碍儿童的预后有积极作用,具有针对性的长期系统综合干预的效果显著.

Effect of community rehabilitation on children with autism spectrum disorders in Tianjin

Objective To investigate the function of community rehabilitation on children with autism spectrum disorders and explore the related influencing factors of the rehabilitation effects,then to provide the basis for better improvements in their related defects.Methods Adopting Clancy Autism Behavior Scale (CABS) and Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) for screening as well as Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (fifth edition) (DSM-V) and Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) for diagnosis.Selecting 19 children with autism spectrum disorders who have completed a whole year assessment of autistic children development assessment and investigating their parents for collecting related information.Utilizing repetitive measure analysis of vafiance and the Pearson linear correlation analysis for statistical disposition.Results The age difference of the actual age and the development age of three evaluation was on the decline over time,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) and the more diverse and targeted the rehabilitation is,the better the effects are.The correlations of statistical significance existed among the age of discovering suspected symptoms,the age of the final diagnosis,the age of first specking language,the age of walking independently,the intellectual function score and the total score of CARS with rehabilitation effects of different areas (P<0.05).Conclusion Tianjin' s community rehabilitation have exerted positive effects on the prognosis of children with autism spectrum disorders,and the effects of targeted,long-term comprehensive intervention are remarkable.