Design,Synthesis and Molecular Docking Studies of Novel Indole–Pyrimidine Hybrids as Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitors

A series of novel hybrids of indole–pyrimidine‐containing piperazine moiety were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their antiproliferative and tubulin polymerization inhibitory activities. The results indicated that most of these compounds possessed significant cytotoxic potency against four cancer cell lines, HT‐29, A549, MDA‐MB‐231 and MCF‐7. Particularly, the most promising compound 34 showed more potent and broad‐spectrum cytotoxic activities with the IC₅₀ values ranged from 5.01 to 14.36 μm against A549, MDA‐MB‐231 and MCF‐7 cell lines. Meanwhile, 34 also displayed the most potent tubulin polymerization inhibitory activity with IC₅₀ value of 11.2 μm . Furthermore, molecular docking analysis demonstrated 34 interacts and binds efficiently with the tubulin protein at the colchicine‐binding site. It was worth noting that the compound did not affect the normal human embryonic kidney cells, HEK‐293. These results suggest that this novel class of indole–pyrimidine hybrids may have potential to be developed as new a class of tubulin polymerization inhibitors.