哈尔滨市医护人员期望寿命和主要死因分析

目的 为研究医护人员的群体健康水平及特征,本文以职业寿命表的方法对哈尔滨市区1990年1月1日零时至1994年12月31日24时各大医院医护人员其全死因期望寿命、去死因期望寿命、主要死亡原因及构成进行了研究,并以当地同期居民作为对照人群。方法 全死因和去死因寿命表的编制,采用WHO推荐的蒋庆琅法。结果 医护人员的期望寿命低于同期当地居民约2岁,医护人员死因前3位分别是:恶性肿瘤、脑血管疾病和心血管疾病,对医护人员寿命的影响最主要的疾病为恶性肿瘤。结论 本研究摸清了哈尔滨市医护人员全死因、去死因的职业寿命情况,寿命的长短均与该群体生活、职业、环境因素有关,为采取相应措施,提高群体健康水平,延长寿命提供可靠参数。

Analysis of Life Expectancy and Main Causes of Death of Doctors and Nurses in Harbin

Objective To study the public health state and characteristics, professional life table method was employea to analyze the life of all causes of death and the eliminated cause of death, the main causes of death and the constitute of doctors and nurses who were working in big hospitals in Harbin from 1990 to 1994. In addition, comparison was made between the doctors and nurses and the common residents at the same time. Methods The life table of all causes of death and the eliminated causes of death was drawn up with the WHO recommended Jiang Qinglang method. Results The life expectancy of doctors and nurses was lower than that of controls about 2 years. The first three causes of death were malignant tumor, cerebrovascular disease and cardiovascular disease. The main cause that cut down the life of doctors and nurses was malignant tumor. Conclusion In this investigation, we managed to ascertain the professional life states of all causes of death and eliminated cause of death about the doctors and nurses in Harbin. The results indicated that life was related to profession, environmental factors and public living conditions. Therefore we could take effective measures to elevate public health level and provide reliable data to prolong people' s lives.