甘肃省1959—1988年人间鼠疫流行病学特征及控制措施的研究

本文研究了甘肃省１９５９－１９８８年发生的２３起６３例人间鼠疫的流行病学特征。研究结果表明本省人间鼠疫地在理分布上具有分散性，孤立性，局限性和与鼠疫疫源地的关联性，在时间分布上具有间断生，突发性。不均衡性和集中于狩猎旱獭期的季节性，传染源主要是染疫的鼓马拉雅旱獭（Ｍａｒｍｏｔａ ｈｉｍａｌａｙａｎａ）和肺型鼠疫病人，死于鼠疫的患者尸体和其他染疫动物尸体可能起到过传染源的作用；传播途径以直接接触传染

AStudy on the Epidemiological Characters and ControI Measures of Human Plague in Gansu Province

his paper analysed the epidemiological characters of 23 episodes with63cases of human plague occured between 1959 and 1988 in Gansu province and elucidated the general laws of plague epidemic. The results in-dicated that in this province the space distribution of human plague showed scatteredness,isolation,limitation and relation to the nature foci of plague and the time distribution showed discontinuity, suddenness, uneven- ness and seasonal concentration during the period of hunting marmota. The sources of infection chiefly were infected Marmota himalayana and the patients with pneumonic plague. Human and other animal bodies died from plague might act as the sources of infection. The major route of plague transmission was direct contact, the second was droplet transmission. Up to now there was no genuine evidence to confirm other transmission route. The people were universally susceptible to plague and the fatality rate was 60. 31%. The cases mainly were peasants. The primary case always had the experience of contact with animals and the frequency of bubonic plague and septicemia occurrence was very high in them, Based on mastering these epidemiological characters, some practical control measures have been proposed and put into practice. After 1963, human plague of the province evidently decreased and there was no case since 1989.