从四气五味谈半夏泻心汤的组方特点

半夏泻心汤中半夏、干姜等辛味药物出现2次,黄芩、黄连、人参等苦味药物出现3次,人参、甘草、大枣等甘类药物出现3次,黄连、黄芩等寒性药物出现2次,干姜等热性药物出现1次,半夏、人参、大枣等温性药物出现3次,甘草等平性药物出现1次。可见,半夏泻心汤方的味以甘味为主,而性以温性为主。半夏泻心汤为中焦虚寒证基础上伴有的实热内滞,因此,对于中焦虚寒证应用甘味和温热性的药物来治疗,对于伴随症的不同,应"观其脉证,知犯何逆,随证治之",不能片面地认为哪个性味重要。

Composition Characteristics of Pinellia Heart-Draining Decoction From the Perspective of Four Properties and Five Flavors

For the properties and flavors of the herbs in Pinellia Heart-Draining Decoction:Renshen (Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng) is slightly bitter in flavor and mildly warm in property.The use frequency of sweet herbs are the biggest (3 times) and the herbs are mainly warm and heat in nature.Therefore,this formula is generally sweet in flavor and warm in property.Analyzing Pinellia Heart-Draining Decoction from the perspective of properties and flavors,doctors should not unilaterally value one single property or flavor since "opening with pungency,descending with bitterness and tonifying with sweetness" is a whole and exclusively applied to this formula.The characteristic of this formula found in this research provides new ideas for the studies on formulas especially the compatibility law of classic formulas.