Malignant phyllodes tumor of the breast with expression of osteonectin and vinculin

Phyllodes tumor is a very rare neoplasm which accounts for 2.5% of all fibroepithelial lesions of the breast. The mesenchymal component of a malignant phyllodes tumor frequently contains heterologous components. We report a case of malignant phyllodes tumor. The patient was a 40-year-old woman with a lump on the left breast. Histological examination revealed the lump to be a malignant phyllodes tumor with foci of liposarcomatous differentiation. The mesenchymal tumor cells, including those in the liposarcomatous components, were found to express vimentin, osteonectin and vinculin. However, they showed no immunoreaction to CAM 5.2, desmin, alpha-smooth muscle actin (ASMA), neuron-specific enolase (NSE) nor S-100. Ultrastructurally, the mesenchymal tumor cells were found to have abundant cytoplasmic organelles, but there was no evidence showing their differentiation to myofibroblasts. Further studies will be necessary to elucidate the significance of vinculin and osteonectin expression in malignant phyllodes tumor.