夏枯草本草及其入药部位变化的考证

目的:通过对夏枯草历代本草著作考证,研究夏枯草名称、产地、主治功效、入药部位及采收加工方法,为临床用药及合理开发利用该植物资源提供本草学依据.方法:考证历代主流本草著作,并结合实地考察进行综合分析.结果:历史上夏枯草分布区主要集中于我国四川省境内、淮河流域及长江中下游地区;夏枯草主治功效古今基本一致;但古今药用部位及采收加工记载存在差异.结论:通过对本草文献考证与分析,夏枯草人药部位变化大致经历带穗全草[明朝后期(约16世纪或以前)至清末民初(约19世纪初)]、以果穗及带穗全草入药[民国中期(约19世纪30年代)至1963年)]、单用半枯或成熟果穗(1963年至今)3个阶段;夏枯草传统加工方法根据临床疗效不同分为晒干和阴干两种,而现代加工方法仅采用晒干.

Textual research on change of medicinal parts and herbal medicineof Prunella vulgaris

Objective : To investigate the herbal medicine of Prunella vulgaris by textual researches,and provide a theoretical basis for clinical medication, exploitation and protection of wild P. vulgaris resources. Method : Textual research on medicinal works of past dynasties and field work were adopted. Result : The natural distributions of P. vulgaris were concentrated distribution in Sichuan province,Huaihe river basin, and Middle-Lower Yangtze river valley in Chinese history. The indications of P. vulgaris in ancient and modern times were basically identical. While there were difference between the medicinal parts, harvest period and processing methods existed difference between ancient and modern. Conclusion : Three periods that whole grass of P. vulgaris as medicinal parts (from late Ming dynasty to late Qing dynasty and early stage of Republic of China), both whole grass and spicas as medicinal parts (from mid-term Republic of China to 1963), and the semi-maturity or maturity of spicas as medicinal parts (from 1963 to today) existed . The processing method for medicinal parts of P. vulgaris adopted sun drying and shady drying in ancient China, but only the sun drying was only used in modern times.