三氧化矿物凝聚体对乳、恒牙牙髓细胞增殖和分化影响的比较

目的 对比三氧化矿物凝聚体（MTA）和氢氧化钙对人乳、恒牙牙髓细胞增殖和分化的影响。方法 采用甲基噻唑基四唑（MTT）法检测牙髓细胞生长增殖变化；实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、牙本质涎磷蛋白（DSPP）、骨保护因子（OPG）、核因子κB受体活化因子配体（RANKL）基因的表达。结果 氢氧化钙组乳、恒牙牙髓细胞增殖均显著低于对照组（P<0.01），MTA组乳、恒牙牙髓细胞增殖均高于对照组（P<0.01）。实时荧光定量PCR检测结果显示，乳牙氢氧化钙组ALP、DSPP和OPG的表达显著低于对照组（P<0.01），MTA组上述因子的表达显著高于对照组（P<0.01）；氢氧化钙组RANKL的表达显著高于对照组（P< 0.01），MTA组RANKL的表达与对照组差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。恒牙牙髓细胞氢氧化钙组ALP和DSPP的表达与对照组相比无显著差异（P>0.05），MTA组ALP和DSPP的表达显著增加（P<0.01）；氢氧化钙组和MTA组OPG、RANKL的表达与对照组无显著差异（P>0.05）。结论 MTA比氢氧化钙更适合做乳牙和恒牙的盖髓剂，其优势在乳牙可能更为明显。

Effects of mineral trioxide aggregate on the proliferation and differentiation of human pulp cells from primary and permanent teeth

 Objective  This study aims to investigate the effects of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and calcium hydroxide on proliferation and differentiation of human pulp cells from primary and permanent teeth. Methods  Cell proliferation was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The mRNA expression levels of dentinogenesis-related factors, including alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), and odontoclastogenesis-related factors, such as osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), were determined by real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results Primary and permanent pulp cells treated with calcium hydroxide exhibited significantly lower proliferation rates than the control cells (P<0.01). By contrast, the MTA-treated group showed significantly higher proliferation rates than the control group (P<0.01). Real time PCR results showed that calcium hydroxide-treated primary pulp cells exhibited significantly decreased ALP, DSPP, and OPG expression compared with the control group (P<0.01). Conversely, the MTA-treated group displayed significantly increased ALP, DSPP, and OPG expression (P<0.01). Calcium hydroxide-treated primary pulp cells also exhibited significantly upregulated RANKL expression (P<0.01); by contrast, MTA-treated cells did not show any change in RANKL expression (P>0.05). Likewise, MTA-treated permanent pulp cells showed significantly upregulated ALP and DSPP expression (P<0.01). However, the calcium hydroxide-treated group remained almost the same as the control group (P>0.05). Neither MTA nor calcium hydroxide affected OPG and RANKL expression in permanent pulp cells (P>0.05). Conclusion  MTA is more suitable as a pulp-capping agent, particularly in primary teeth, than calcium hydroxide.