二期梅毒40例口腔表现及病理分析

目的分析40例二期梅毒患者的口腔临床特征及病理表现。方法收集北京大学口腔医学院1994至2004年间以口腔黏膜损害首诊的40例梅毒患者，对经实验室检查确诊的临床病理资料加以分析。结果40例二期梅毒患者中32例口腔表现为相似的黏膜斑，最好发的部位是舌。疼痛症状不明显或伴有轻微疼痛。对8例最初被误诊为口腔念珠菌病和扁平苔藓的患者，组织病理学检查显示为非特异性炎症，主要表现为上皮微脓肿，固有层血管周围有密集的淋巴细胞和浆细胞浸润。16例梅毒患者经苄星青霉素治疗后症状明显好转。结论以口腔黏膜损害为首发症状的梅毒患者有其特殊的临床病理学表现，但常易被口腔医务工作者忽视。口腔科医师应认识梅毒的口腔病损，及时诊断早期梅毒。

Clinical and pathological analysis of oral manifestations of 40 patients with secondary syphilis

Objective To analyze the clinical and pathological features of 40 patients with secondary syphilis. Methods A total of 40 cases of secondary syphilis confirmed by serology were collected during 1994-2004 and were first diagnosed on presentation with oral lesions, Results The white patch in oral mucosa was found in 32 cases with painless or slight pain in most cases. The most common site of the lesion was the tongue. The histological examination on eight cases was initially misdiagnosed as oral candidosis or lichen planus, but confirmed as syphilis after serology revealed nonspecific inflammation with intraepithelial microabscess and dense perivascular infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma ceils in connective tissue. The symptoms showed dramatic improvement in 16 cases after benzathine penicillin treatment. Conclusions The oral manifestations of syphilis have specific clinical and pathological feature and attention should be paid to the suspicious oral lesions when patients are first presented in a dental office.