安徽省中小学生营养不良患病率调查

目的 调查分析安徽省中小学生营养不良的患病率及分布特征,为改善中小学生营养状况提供参考。方法 应用多阶段分层整群抽样调查方法,2014年9-11月抽取安徽省3个城市(合肥、池州、宿州)7~17岁中小学生共计9 980名进行营养不良患病率的横断面调查,对学生进行体格检查,获得身高体重等资料,分析不同性别、不同年龄组及城乡之间中小学生的营养不良患病率。结果 安徽省中小学生营养不良患病率为13.25%,生长迟缓、轻度消瘦、中重度消瘦患病率分别为3.49%、5.61%、4.16%。男生营养不良患病率(14.65%)显著高于女生(11.99%),差异有统计学意义(χ²=15.334,P<0.01)。乡村中小学生营养不良患病率(15.10%)高于城市(11.28%),差异有统计学意义(χ²=31.608,P<0.01)。结论 安徽省7~17岁中小学生营养不良患病率较高,城乡之间存在差异。应关注中小学生的营养状况,加强健康教育,促进中小学生健康成长。

Investigation on the prevalence of malnutrition in primary and middle school students in Anhui province

Objective To investigate the prevalence and distribution of malnutrition among middle school and primary school students in Anhui province,in order to provide reference for improving nutrition status of primary and middle school students. Methods Multi-stage cluster sampling method was applied in this research. A total of 9 980 students aged 7 to 17 years in three cities (Hefei,Chizhou,Suzhou) in north,middle and south of Anhui province were included in the investigation from September to November 2014. Data of students′ height and weight were obtained by physical examination. The prevalence rate was compared among children in different gender,age and areas groups. Results The prevalence rate of malnutrition among primary and middle school students was 13.25% in Anhui province in this investigation. The rates of stunting,slight wasting,moderate/severe wasting were 3.49%,5.61% and 4.16%,respectively. The prevalence rate of malnutrition of boys (14.65%) was significantly higher than that of girls (11.99%) (χ²=15.334,P<0.01). And the prevalence rate of malnutrition of students from rural area (15.10%) was significantly higher than that of students from urban area (11.28%) (χ²=31.608,P<0.01). Conclusions Malnutrition is prevalent in primary and middle school students in Anhui province,and the difference was significant among students from rural area and urban area. More attention and health education should be given to improve the nutrition status and promote the health of students