糖尿病前期患者糖代谢异常与慢性牙周炎的相关性

目的:研究糖尿病前期患者糖代谢水平与慢性牙周炎的相关性。方法:对符合《中国2型糖尿病防治指南》糖尿病前期诊断标准的171例患者进行牙周检查,根据美国疾病控制和预防中心与美国牙周病学会制定的标准分为轻度、中度和重度慢性牙周炎组,检测各组糖代谢指标(空腹血糖、糖耐量、空腹胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗及糖化血红蛋白)及牙周检查指标(菌斑指数、牙周袋深度、附着丧失、探诊出血比例),对混杂因素(年龄、性别、高血压、肥胖、吸烟等)进行校正后用多因素回归分析方法研究糖代谢指标与慢性牙周炎的相关性。结果:中、重度慢性牙周炎组患者的空腹血糖与胰岛素抵抗水平明显高于轻度慢性牙周炎组,差异有统计学意义,重度慢性牙周炎组患者的糖耐量水平显著高于轻度慢性牙周炎组,糖化血红蛋白及空腹胰岛素两组差异无统计学意义。多因素回归分析表明,随着空腹血糖水平的升高,患者患有中度或重度慢性牙周炎的概率显著增加(OR=1.39,95%CI:1.01~1.98;OR=1.64,95%CI:1.17~2.40);随着胰岛素抵抗水平的升高,患者患有中度或重度慢性牙周炎的概率也显著增加(OR=1.36,95%CI:1.04~1.76;OR=1.72,95%CI:1.23~2.41);随着糖耐量水平的升高,患有重度慢性牙周炎的概率显著升高(OR=1.65,95%CI:1.21~2.26)。结论:糖尿病前期患者的糖代谢水平与牙周炎有相关性。

Associations of impaired glucose metabolism with chronic peridontitis in pre-diabetes patients

Objective: To investigate the associations of impaired glucose metabolism and insulin resis-tance with chronic periodontitis in pre-diabetes patients. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted and we included a total of 171 pre-diabetes patients aged 30-65 years, free of diabetes. Pre-diabetes was defined as impaired fasting glucose (IFG) fasting glucose (FG): 6.1-7.0 mmol/L] and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT): 7.8-11.0 mmol/L]. Chronic periodontitis was defined according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)/American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) definition and the patients were divided into mild, moderate, and severe chronic periodontitis groups mild: at least two interproximal sites with clinical attachment loss (CAL) ≥3 mm and at least two interproxima sites with probing depth (PD) ≥4 mm or 1 site with PD≥5 mm; moderate: at least two interproximal sites with CAL ≥4 mm and at least two interproxima sites with at least two interproximal sites with PD ≥5 mm; severe: at least two interproximal sites with CAL ≥6 mm and at least one interproxima site with at least two interproximal sites with PD≥5 mm]. A periodontal examination indexes plaque index (PLI), PD, CAL, and bleeding on probing (BOP)] and glucose metabolism indexes FG, OGTT, hemoglobinA1c (HbA1c), fasting insulin and homeostasis model assessments of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)] were measured. The association of glucose meta-bolism and chronic periodontitis was investigated by multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: FG in the moderate and severe chronic periodontitis groups was significantly higher compared with mild chronic periodontitis group, HOMA-IR in the moderate and severe chronic periodontitis groups was signi-ficantly higher compared with mild chronic periodontitis group, OGTT in the severe chronic periodntitis group was significantly higher compared with mild chronic peridontitis group and moderate chronic pe-riodontitis groups, and there was no significant difference between moderate and mild chronic periodontitis groups. For the insulin and HbA1c, there was no significant difference among mild, moderate and severe chronic periodontitis groups. After multivariable adjustment of age, gender, smoking status, hypertension and body mass index, IFG (OR=1.39, 95%CI: 1.01-1.98) and HOMA-IR (OR=1.36, 95%CI: 1.04-1.76) were associated with moderate periodontitis; IFG (OR=1.64, 95%CI: 1.17-2.40), IGT (OR=1.65, 95%CI: 1.21-2.26), and HOMA-IR (OR=1.72, 95%CI: 1.23-2.41) were significantly associated with severe periodontitis. Conclusion: Our data provided evidences that impaired glucose metabolism were associated with chronic periodontitis among pre-diabetes patients.