长沙市乙肝感染产妇所生儿童免疫监测分析

目的 了解长沙市乙肝感染产妇所生儿童的免疫状态,为制定措施提供科学依据。方法 对长沙市2017年4月1日-2018年9月30日出生的常住乙肝感染产妇所生儿童进行母婴阻断,并按0、1、6月龄完成乙肝疫苗接种后1～6月儿童进行乙肝系列五项检测。结果 长沙市乙肝感染产妇所生儿童6 498人,完成乙肝免疫球蛋白及乙肝疫苗第1针为6 492人,注射率为99.9%;共检测儿童1 533人,乙肝母婴传播率为1.44%,乙肝表面抗体阳转率为80.8%,在城区与农村区域将两者作比较,差异具有统计学意义(χ²=7.022、32.497,P＜0.05)。结论 长沙市预防乙肝母婴传播工作取得了显著成效,应建立常规报告乙肝暴露儿监测信息机制,使部分母婴阻断成功而未产生乙肝表面抗体的儿童,得到及时再免疫而避免感染,进一步降低地区乙肝感染率。

Analysis on immune surveillance of children born to mothers infected with hepatitis B virus in Changsha

Objective To understand the immune status of children born to hepatitis B virus(HBV)-infected mothersin Changsha,so as to further provide evidence for formulating interventions. Methods Mother to child blocking of HBV was conducted in infants born to permanent HBV-infected mothers in Changsha from April 1st,2017 to September 30th,2018.After finishing hepatitis B vaccination at the age of 0,1 and 6 months,the levels of surface antigen,surface antibody,E antigen,E antibody and core antibody of hepatitis B were tested. Results The injection rate of hepatitis B immunoglobulin in children born to HBV-infected mothersin Changsha was 99.9%(6 492/6 498).And 1 533 children conducted related indexes of hepatitis B.It was found that the rate of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B was 1.44 %,and the positive conversion rate of hepatitis B surface antibodies was 80.8%,with significant difference between urban and rural areas(χ²=7.022,32.497,P＜0.05). Conclusions The prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HBV in Changsha has achieved remarkable results.Government is supposed to establish a regular monitoring information mechanism for HBV exposure,so that some children who have successfully blocked the prevention of hepatitis B surface antibodies without developing hepatitis B surface antibodies can be immunized in a timely manner,thereby avoiding infection,and further reducing the regional hepatitis B infection rate.