成人黄斑色素密度及黄斑厚度与近视度数的关系

研究成人黄斑色素密度（MPOD）及黄斑厚度与近视度数的关系。方法：系列病例研究。按照年龄先将119例受检者分为20～33岁组和34～45岁组，然后按照等效球镜度（SE）分为正视组和近视组，近视组又分为低度近视组、中度近视组和高度近视组；采用眼底光谱反射测量法检测黄斑区色素密度平均值（Mean OD）和色素密度最大值（Max OD），采用OCT测量黄斑中心视网膜厚度（CRT）及旁中心视网膜厚度。20～33岁组和34～45岁组中各组Mean OD值、Max OD值先采用方差分析，后采用LSD-t检验进行组间两两比较，正视组与近视组之间及近视各组之间CRT值及旁中心视网膜厚度值均采用单因素方差分析。结果：20～33岁组和34～45岁组中的正视组与近视组以及近视各组之间Mean OD值、Max OD值两两比较，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.001）；正视组CRT值与低度近视及中度近视组CRT值之间两两比较，差异均无统计学意义，正视组CRT值与高度近视组CRT值比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）；旁中心视网膜厚度值方面，正视组与低度近视及中度近视组两两比较，差异均无统计学意义，正视组与高度近视组比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。结论：成人高度近视患者的MPOD及黄斑厚度与正视者及中低度近视者存在差异。

Relationship between Macular Pigment Optical Density,Macular Thickness and Myopia in Adults

To study the relationship between macular pigment optical density, macular thickness and myopia in adults. Methods: One hundred nineteen subjects were divided into two groups according to age: 20 to 33 years and 34 to 45 years. Subjects were then divided into anemmetropia group and amyopia group according to spherical equivalence (SE). The latter were divided into a low myopia group, moderate myopia group and high myopia group. The mean macular pigment optical density (Mean OD) and maximum macular pigment optical density (Max OD) were measured with spectral fundus reflectometry. Central retinal thickness (CRT) and paracentral retinal thickness were measured with optical coherence tomography (OCT). The data were analyzed by a paired t-test and single factor variance. Results: Comparison of Mean OD values and Max OD values between the emmetropia group and myopia groups for the ages 20 to 33 and 34 to 45 showed statistically significant differences (P<0.001). When the emmetropia group and the myopia group were compared to each other as two groups, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.001). When the emmetropia group and the myopia group were compared to each other, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.001). Conclusions: This study shows macular pigment optical density, macular thickness in high myopia is significant different with low to moderate myopia.