柳州市学龄期儿童情绪与行为问题分析

目的 对柳州市学龄期儿童进行长处和困难问卷(SDQ,家长版)调查,分析柳州市学龄期儿童存在的心理行为问题。方法 2014年10月-2015年7月采用分层整群随机抽样法抽取柳州市27所小学11 205名学生进行长处和困难问卷(家长版)调查,所得数据进行性别和年级差异比较,计数资料的比较采用χ²检验,计量资料的比较采用t检验或方差分析。结果 柳州市学龄期儿童情绪和行为问题阳性检出率为4.1%~36.9%,其中困难总分阳性检出率为11.8%,女生情绪问题(9.1%)检出率高于男生(7.6%)(χ²=7.358,P＜0.05)。不同性别儿童的SDQ困难总分和各因子得分差异有统计学意义,女生情绪症状和亲社会行为得分高于男生,男生品行问题、多动、同伴交往和困难总分得分高于女生(P＜0.05)。各年级儿童在SDQ各因子及困难总分得分上差异均具有统计学意义,低年级儿童多动注意不能问题得分高于高年级儿童,而儿童品行、同伴交往及困难总分得分低于高年级儿童(P＜0.05)。结论 柳州市学龄期儿童情绪和行为问题发生率较高,应针对不同年级、性别进行早期干预。

Analysis of emotional and behavioral problems of school-age children in Liuzhou

Objective To investigate psychological and behavioral problems of school-age children in Liuzhou using parent edition of Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire(SDQ). Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted from October 2014 to July 2015,and totally 11 205 students′ parents in 27 primary schools of Liuzhou were tested with parent edition of SDQ.And data on SDQ were compared among different gender and grade groups.Chi-square test was used to compare the categorical data,and t-test or variance analysis was used to compare the counting data. Results The detection rate of emotional and behavioral problems of school-age children in Liuzhou was 4.1%~36.9%,and the detection rate of total point of difficulty was 11.8%.The detection rate of emotional problem in girls (9.1%) was higher than that in boys (7.6%)(χ²=7.358,P＜0.05).There were statistically significant differences on the total score of SDQ and each dimension.The scores of emotional problem and prosocial behavior of girls in were higher than those of boys,while the scores of conduct problems,hyperactivity,prosocial behavior and general difficulties in boys were significantly higher than those in girls(P＜0.05).There were significant differences on the detection rate of SDQ among children from different grade groups.The score of hyperactivity in lower grade children was higher than that in higher grade children,while the scores of conduct,peer interaction and general difficulty in lower grade children were significantly lower than those in higher grade children(P＜0.05). Conclusion The emotional and behavioral problems in school-age children in Liuzhou are serious,and early intervention should be conducted according to different grades and gender.