大学生不安全依恋与拖延的关系：正念与自我控制的作用路径

背景 预防和干预大学生的拖延行为具有重要现实意义。已有研究表明，正念、自我控制、不安全依恋和拖延两两相关，但目前关于不安全依恋对拖延的作用机制仍不清楚，且缺乏二者间作用路径的研究。目的 探讨大学生不安全依恋对拖延的影响以及正念与自我控制的作用路径，以期为大学生拖延问题的干预提供参考。方法 于2023年2月—4月，采用整群随机抽样的方法，选取广东省4所高校的514名在校大学生为研究对象。采用非理性拖延量表（IPS）、成人依恋量表（AAS）、正念注意觉知量表（MAAS）和简式自我控制量表（BSCS）进行调查。使用Pearson相关分析考查各量表评分的相关性，使用Bootstrap法进行中介效应检验。结果 大学生AAS评分与IPS评分呈正相关（r=0.382，P<0.01），与MAAS和BSCS评分均呈负相关（r=-0.242、-0.353，P均<0.01）；IPS评分与MAAS和BSCS评分均呈负相关（r=-0.314、-0.682，P均<0.01）；MAAS评分与BSCS评分呈正相关（r=0.439，P<0.01）。不安全依恋正向预测拖延（β=0.377，P<0.01），自我控制是不安全依恋与拖延之间的作用路径，间接效应值为0.163（95% CI：0.105~0.223），占总效应的43.24%，且正念与自我控制可能是不安全依恋与拖延之间的链式作用路径，间接效应值为0.056（95% CI：0.028~0.089），占总效应的14.85%。结论 不安全依恋可以直接影响大学生拖延，也可以通过自我控制的独立作用路径及正念与自我控制的链式作用路径影响大学生拖延。

Relationship between insecure attachment and procrastination in college students： path analysis of mindfulness and self-control

Background Prevention and intervention of procrastination in college students are of great practical significance， and studies have illustrated a pairwise correlation among mindfulness， self-control， insecure attachment and procrastination， whereas the mechanism by which insecure attachment leads to procrastination remains unclear， and the related mediation path is quite understudied.Objective To investigate the effect of insecure attachment on procrastination among college students and the pathway of mindfulness and self-control， so as to inform the design of interventions for procrastination among college students.Methods Random and cluster sampling method were utilized to enroll 514 college students from 4 colleges in Guangdong Province From February to April 2023. Subjects were assessed using Irrational Procrastination Scale （IPS）， Adult Attachment Scale （AAS）， Mindful Attention Awareness Scale （MAAS） and Brief Self-Control Scale （BSCS）. Pearson correlation analysis were adopted to identify the correlation among above scales， and the mediation effect was examined via Bootstrap procedure.Results AAS score was positively correlated with IPS score （r=0.382， P<0.01）， and negatively correlated with MAAS and BSCS scores （r=-0.242， -0.353， P<0.01）. IPS score was negatively correlated with MAAS and BSCS scores （r=-0.314， -0.682， P<0.01）. MAAS score was positively correlated with BSCS score （r=0.439， P<0.01）. Insecure attachment positively predicted procrastination （β=0.377， P<0.01）， and the prediction of procrastination by insecure attachment was mediated by self-control， with an indirect effect value of 0.163 （95% CI： 0.105~0.223）， accounting for 43.24% of the total effect value. The mindfulness and self-control exerted a chained mediation effect on the relationship between insecure attachment and procrastination， and the indirect effect value was 0.056 （95% CI： 0.028~0.089）， accounting for 14.85% of the total effect value.Conclusion Insecure attachment can influence procrastination among college students both directly and indirectly through the single mediation of self-control or the chained mediation of mindfulness and self-control. ［Funded by 2023 National College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program （number， 202310570023）］