喉癌同侧颈淋巴结转移癌穿透包膜的相关因素及其与对侧颈淋巴结转移和患者预后的关系

目的探讨喉癌同侧颈部淋巴结转移癌穿透包膜的相关因素及其与对侧颈部淋巴结转移和患者预后的关系。方法对184例喉癌患者进行手术治疗的同时,行经典或改良经典颈廓清术,对颈廓清标本采用透明淋巴结摘出连续切片法,摘出淋巴结,并进行病理检查。采用Kaplan-eier方法对随访资料进行生存分析。结果184例喉癌患者中,颈部淋巴结转移癌80例,其中穿透包膜26例,穿透包膜率为32．5％。单因素分析结果表明,淋巴结转移癌是否穿透包膜与病理N分期和同侧颈部淋巴结转移数有关。淋巴结转移癌穿透包膜者同侧颈部复发转移率（34.6%）、对侧颈部转移率（46．2％）均高于未穿透包膜者。淋巴结转移癌穿透包膜患者3、5年生存率分别为53．9％和23．1％,其生存率低于未穿透包膜患者。结论淋巴结转移癌是否穿透包膜与病理N分期和同侧颈部淋巴结转移数有关。淋巴结转移癌穿透包膜患者的对侧转移率高,应行双颈廓清术。淋巴结转移癌穿透包膜是影响患者预后的重要因素,病理科应当检查转移淋巴结被膜是否穿破,并予以报告。

Impact of extracapsular lymph node spread in the ipsilateral neck on contralateral neck metastasis and prognosis of laryngeal cancer

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of extracapsular lymph node spread (ECS) in the ipsilateral neck on the contralateral neck metastasis and prognosis of laryngeal cancer. METHODS: The data of 184 laryngeal cancer patients who underwent laryngectomy and simultaneous radical or modified radical neck lymph node dissection between Jan. 1994 and Dec. 1997 were retrospectively analyzed. Of these 184 patients, 144 underwent unilateral neck lymph node dissection and 40 bilateral; 159 had supraglottic lesion and 25 transglottic. All had squamous cell carcinoma. The clinical T stage was T1 in 3, T2 63, T3 77, T4 41; N stage: NO in 123, N1 38, N2a 5, N2b 11, N2c 7. Transparent lymph node detection and continuous sectioning method were applied to all dissected neck lymph nodes. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS software package ( version 11.5). Survival curves were calculated through the Kaplan-Meier model. Impact of extracapsular lymph node spread in the ipsilateral neck on prognosis was assessed using the Log rank test. RESULTS: Of these 184 patients, neck lymph node metastasis was pathologically proven in 80, 26 had ECS in the ipsilateral neck with a ECS rate of 32.5% (26/80). The ECS incidence was positively correlated with advanced pathological N stage and metastatic lymph nodes (P < 0.01). The incidence of the contralateral neck metastasis and ipsilateral neck recurrence with ECS were higher than those without ECS, which was 46.2% versus 24.1%, and 34.6% versus 7.4%, respectively (P < 0.05). The 3- and 5-year survival rates of patients with ECS were significantly lower than those of patients without ECS, which was 53.9% versus 70.4%, and 23.1% versus 57.4%, respectively (P = 0.0125). CONCLUSION: Extracapsular lymph node spread is found to be an important prognostic factor in the laryngeal cancer. Bilateral neck dissection may be mandatory due to patients with ECS have a higher incidence of contralateral neck metastasis. The capsule of metastatic lymph nodes should be pathologically checked and reported in order to determine the extra-capsular spread status.