Weaning difficult-to-wean chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients: A pilot study comparing initial hemodynamic effects of levosimendan and dobutamine

Purpose

To compare the short-term hemodynamic effects of levosimendan and dobutamine in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients experiencing weaning difficulties in relation with increased left ventricular filling pressure.

Materials and Methods

This prospective, sequential, pilot study included 10 COPD patients experiencing weaning difficulties in relation with increased left ventricular filling pressure ascertained by an increase >10 mm Hg of pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP) at the shift from mechanical to spontaneous breathing (SB). Patients received 1 h infusion of 7 μg/kg per minute of dobutamine, followed by 24-hour infusion of 0.2 μg/kg per minute levosimendan. Hemodynamic variables were measured under MV and 15 to 30 minutes after SB at baseline, at the end of dobutamine infusion, at a washout period, and after levosimendan infusion.

Results

At baseline, the shift from mechanical ventilation to spontaneous ventilation was associated with a significant increase in PAOP from a median of 15 (interquartile range [IQR], 6) to 29 (9) mm Hg. Both drugs reduced significantly the level of PAOP increase at SB, but levosimendan had a greater effect than dobutamine [median PAOP increase (IQR): 5 (2) vs 9 (4) mm Hg, respectively; P < .01].

Conclusions

Both drugs reduced the magnitude of PAOP increase at SB in difficult-to-wean COPD patients. PAOP increase was reduced to a greater extent by levosimendan.