曲伐沙星滴眼液治疗细菌性角膜炎

目的:评价新型氟喹诺酮类抗生素曲伐沙星治疗兔实验性金葡菌性角膜炎的有效性。方法:采用兔角膜基质注射5μL金葡菌(ATCC25923)菌液(含菌100 CFU)的方法建立细菌性角膜炎模型。接种菌9 h后,将炎症发展程度较一致的兔随机分为4组,即接种菌9 h(或16 h)基线组、空白对照组、0.5%左氧氟沙星滴眼液组和0.5%曲伐沙星滴眼液组。按预定给药方案给药,最后一次给药后的1 h对实验兔角膜炎情况进行观察,并进行病理组织观察和房水细菌培养,评价药物治疗细菌性角膜炎的有效性。结果:曲伐沙星和左氧氟沙星对金葡菌(ATCC25923)的MIC分别为0.062 5和0.125 mg·L-1。实验结果表明,相比于空白组,左氧氟沙星组和曲伐沙星组显著降低角膜炎感染的临床症状(P=0.000),而左氧氟沙星组和曲伐沙星则在临床评分方面疗效相当(P=0.766)。菌落计数中,左氧氟沙星组和曲伐沙星组均显著降低角膜菌落数(P=0.000),但曲伐沙星组优于左氧氟沙星组(P=0.001)。结论:曲伐沙星在眼局部给药用于治疗金葡菌性角膜炎方面具有改善临床症状、降低角膜菌落计数的治疗效果。

Efficacy of trovafloxacin for the treatment of experimental Staphylococcus aureus keratitis

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of topically applied trovafloxacin for the treatment of experimental Staphylococcus aureus keratitis in rabbit model.METHODS Approximately 100 colony-forming units(CFU) of S.aureus ATCC25923 were injected into the stromas of rabbit corneas to induce bacterial keratitis.Nine hours after injection,one topical drop of phosphate-buffered saline(PBS),trovafloxacin ophthalmic solution(0.5%),or levofloxacin ophthalmic solution(0.5%) was applied to each eye every 15minutes for 5 doses and then every 30 minutes for 14 doses.Eyes were examined before and after treatment.Corneas were harvested from treated and untreated rabbits for the quantitation of bacteria and histological observation.RESULTS The MIC for trovafloxacin and levofloxacin against the S.aureus ATCC25923 was 0.062 5 mg·L-1 and 0.125 mg·L-1.In clinical observation,both trovafloxacin and levofloxacin significantly lowered the clinical severity of infection as compared with PBS treatment(P=0.000),but the efficacy between trovafloxacin and levofloxacin was similar(P=0.704).The trovafloxacin and levofloxacin treatment groups had significantly lower CFU recovered from corneas compared to the control group(P<0.000),and trovafloxacin was more efficacy than levofloxacin in lowering CFU recovered from corneas(P=0.005).CONCLUSION Trovafloxacin,like levofloxacin used in this study,can significantly lower the clinical severity and CFU per cornea observed in S.aureus keratitis when treatment is implemented,and importantly,trovafloxacin showed a significant efficacy improvement in reducing the bacterial load recovered from the corneas.