皮肤镜在颜面部皮肤肿瘤筛检中的应用

目的 探讨皮肤镜检查用于颜面部皮肤肿瘤筛查中的应用价值。 方法 选取黑龙江省佳木斯市妇幼保健院2018年10月至2020年10月收治的疑似颜面部皮肤肿瘤患者120例为研究对象,进行肉眼诊断和皮肤镜检查诊断,以病理学诊断结果为金标准,计算两种检查方法对颜面部皮肤肿瘤的诊断效能。 结果 120例患者经病理学诊断,有80例为颜面部皮肤肿瘤,余40例非颜面部皮肤肿瘤,皮肤镜检查对颜面部皮肤肿瘤的诊断准确度、敏感度和特异度均高于肉眼观察的诊断准确度、敏感度和特异度,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);以病理结果为金标准,皮肤镜检查对皮肤肿瘤的诊断符合率为93.75%,高于肉眼观察的75.00%,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);其中皮肤镜检查在脂溢性角化病和先天性色素痣的诊断符合率均高于肉眼观察的诊断符合率,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);其余皮肤肿瘤的诊断符合率比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),可能与病例数过少有关。 结论 颜面部皮肤肿瘤的筛查中应用皮肤镜检查的诊断价值高,有利于早期检出皮肤肿瘤,判断肿瘤的良恶性,且应用操作简单,值得推广。

Application of dermoscopy in screening examination of facial skin tumors

Objective To explore the application value of dermoscopy in screening examination of patients with facial skin tumors. Methods A total of 120 patients with suspected facial skin tumors admitted to Jiamusi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital in Heilongjiang Province from October 2018 to October 2020 were selected for visual and dermoscopic diagnoses. The pathological diagnosis results were used as the gold standard. The diagnostic coincidence rate, specificity, and sensitivity of the two methods were compared. Results Of the 120 patients in this group, 80 pitimos were pathologically diagnosed as facial skin tumors. In the remaining 40 cases of non-facial skin tumors,the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the dermoscopy were higher than those of the visual observation in facial skin tumors, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). With the pathological results as the gold standard, the diagnostic coincidence rate of dermoscopy was 93.75%, higher than that of the visual observation for skin tumors (75.00%), and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The diagnostic coincidence rate of skin examination was higher than that of visual observation in seborrheic keratosis and congenital pigmented nevus, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the diagnostic coincidence rate of other skin tumors(P>0.05), which may be related to the small number of cases. Conclusion Dermoscopy has a high value in screening facial skin tumors, which is conducive to detecting skin tumors early, determining the benign and malignant tumors, and has simple application. It is worthy of promotion.