豚鼠近视眼视网膜Müller细胞近视因子基因的表达

目的研究视网膜近视因子基因在原代培养的豚鼠近视眼视网膜Müller细胞中的表达变化。方法3～4周龄断乳三色豚鼠40只,取20只建立近视眼模型（以右眼作为实验眼,以对侧未遮盖眼作自身对照）,剩余的20只豚鼠作正常对照。用眼罩遮盖法建立豚鼠近视眼模型,用酶消化法原代培养其视网膜Müller细胞。RT-PCR检测酪氨酸羟化酶（tyrosine hydroxylase,TH）、诱导型一氧化氮合成酶（induciblenitric oxide synthase,iNOS）、神经型一氧化氮合成酶（neu-ronal nitric oxide synthase,nNOS）、内皮型一氧化氮合成酶（endothelial nitric oxide synthase,eNOS）、视黄醛脱氢酶（retinaldehyde dehydrogenase,RALDH）、醛脱氢酶（aldehydedehydrogenase,ALDH）、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（basic fi-broblast growth factor,bFGF）、转化生长因子β（transforminggrowth factor-β,TGF-β）的mRNA在正常对照眼、自身对照眼和近视眼视网膜Müller细胞中的表达情况。数据分析采用One-way ANOVA检验。结果眼罩遮盖10d后,遮盖眼眼轴延长,近视形成。酶消化法成功培养出视网膜Müller细胞。正常对照眼、自身对照眼和遮盖眼视网膜Müller细胞均阳性表达nNOS、bFGF、TH、TGF-βmRNA,且遮盖眼表达nNOS、bFGF和TGF-βmRNA上调（P〈0.05）,TH mRNA下调（P〈0.05）。iNOS mRNA仅在遮盖眼视网膜Müller细胞阳性表达。三组视网膜Müller细胞均不表达eNOS、RALDH和ALDHmRNA。结论豚鼠近视眼视网膜Müller细胞表达nNOS、iNOS、bFGF和TGF-βmRNA上调,TH mRNA下调。Müller细胞是近视眼视网膜信号因子一氧化氮（nitric oxide,NO）、多巴胺（dopamine,DA）、bFGF和TGF-β的一个重要来源。

Gene expression of the myopic factors in retinal Müller cells of the guinea pig myopic eye

Objective To investigate the gene expression of retinal myopic factors in the Müller cells in a primary culture of the guinea pig myopic eye.Methods Guinea pig myopia was induced by translucent goggles,from which retinal Müller cells were cultured using the enzyme-digesting method.The mRNA expression of tyrosine hydroxylase （TH）,inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS）,neuronal nitric oxide synthase （nNOS）,endothelial nitric oxide synthase （eNOS）,retinaldehyde dehydrogenase （RALDH）,aldehyde dehydrogenase （ALDH）,basic fibroblast growth factor （bFGF） and transforming growth factor-β （TGFβ） were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） in the guinea pig retinal Mailer cells. All data were analyzed by a one-way ANOVA test. Results After 10 days of deprivation, the occluded eyes became myopic with an elongated axis. Retinal Muller cells were obtained from the guinea pigs using enzyme digestion, nNOS, bFGF, TH and TGF-β mRNA were positively expressed in the retinal Muller cells of the normal control eyes, the self-cnntrol eyes and the occluded eyes. An inerease in nNOS, hFGF and TGF-β mRNA was found in the occluded eyes （P〈0.05）, with a deerease in TH mR- NA （P〈0.05）. Retinal Muller cells only showed positive expression of iNOS mRNA in the occluded eyes. eNOS, RALDH and ALDH mRNA were negatively expressed in the retinal Mailer cells. Conclusion An upregulated expression of nNOS, iNOS, bFGF and TGFβ mRNA and a down regulated expression of TH mRNA were found in retinal Muller cells of the guinea pig myopie eyes. It has been shown that Mailer Muller are an important source of retinal signal faetors, such as NO, DA, bFGF and TGFβ, in myopic eyes.