卒中单元加强家属健康教育对合并吞咽困难患者康复的影响

目的：观察卒中单元病房加强陪护家属的康复知识教育对脑卒中合并吞咽困难患者康复的影响，并通过随访了解其远期康复疗效。方法：于卒中单元病房选取426例确诊为脑卒中合并吞咽困难患者，将其陪护家属按照同年龄（土3岁）、同性别、同文化程度、与患者关系相同、所陪护患者洼田饮水试验同级别等条件配对，筛选出152例（76对）符合条件者，采用随机数字表法分成试验组（76例）和对照组（76例）。两组患者均进行药物及常规康复干预，试验组的陪护家属在给与常规健康教育的基础上加强康复知识培训，对照组仅进行常规教育，分别于入院24h、出院前24h、随访6个月时对患者行吞咽功能障碍评价和BI指数评定。结果：入院24h两组患者的吞咽功能评价及Barthel指数评估患者的日常生活能力评分均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；教育后，试验组患者吞咽功恢复情况明显优于对照组，BI评分高于对照组（P〈0．05），两组差异有统计学意义。结论：卒中单元病房加强陪护家属的康复知识教育有助于促进脑卒中合并吞咽困难患者的康复。

The effect of strengthening the education of rehabilitation knowledge among the accompanying family members on the stroke patients with dysphagia in stroke unite

Objective： To investigate the effect of strengthening the education of rehabilitation knowledge among the accompanying family members on the stroke patients with dysphagia in stroke unite, and observe the long-term rehabilitation results by follow-up. Methods： Selecting 426 cases of stroke patients with dysphagia in stroke unite, pairing their accompanying family members by the following conditions： same age-grade（ ＋_ 31, same gender, same educational level, same relationship with their patients and same level of their patients＇ result according Pharynx Tins water tests. 152 cases （76 pairs） were chosen and randomly assigned into experimental group and control group. Patients in both groups received the same therapy and general rehabilitation. The experimental group received rehabilitation knowledge and skills training in addition to routine health education. The control group received routine health education. We assessed swallowing function and Barthel index of the two groups respectively within 24 h in admission and within 24 h before discharge and follow-up for 6 months. Results： There were no significant differences in the level of swallowing function and Bathel index between the two groups at the first evaluation （P〉0.05）. After the education, the swallowing function of the experimental group was significantly better than the control group, BI was higher than the control group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： In stroke unite, strengthening the education of rehabilitation knowledge among the accompanying family members obviously promoted the rehabilitation of stroke patients with dysphagia.