氟对大鼠腰椎骨组织形态计量学的影响

目的 观察氟对大鼠腰椎的骨组织形态计量学影响.方法 90只2月龄SPF级SD大鼠,雌雄各半,按体质量随机分成9组,其中对照组分为幼年(CS)、成年(AS)、长期(NS)组,用药组分为幼年高氟(CHS)、幼年低氟(CIS)、成年高氟(AHS)、成年低氟(ALS)、幼年长期高氟(CLHS)、幼年长期低氟(CLLS)组.对照组生理盐水灌胃,用药组分别按相应时间给予不同剂量的氟化钠灌胃.实验验结束后,取腰椎制成不脱钙骨切片,行骨组织形态计量学测量.包括骨小粱面积百分数(Tb.Ar)、骨小梁厚度(Tb.Th)、骨小梁数量(Tb.N)、骨小梁分离度(Tb.Sp)、单位骨小梁面积破骨细胞数(Oc.N)、破骨细胞周长百分数(%Oc.Pm)、荧光周长百分率(%L.Pm)、骨矿化沉积率(MAR)、骨小梁周长形成率(BFR/BS)、骨小梁面积形成率(BFR/BV)、骨组织总面积形成率(BFR/TV)、成骨细胞周长(Ob.PM).结果 [1]CHS组的%Tb.Ar、Tb.Th、Tb.N、%L.Pm、MAR、BFR/BS、BFR/BV、和BFR/TV[(50.63±7.44)%,(150.26±27.51)μm,(3.44±0.47)N/mm,(50.63±7.44)%,(0.85±0.03)μm/d、(8.45±2.36)μm/d×100、(381.16±41.62)%/year、(75.07±4.81)%/year]均高于CS组[(29.71±9.32%)、(1 10.93±28.19)μm、(2.68±0.34)N/mm、(24.00±1.22)%、(0.65±0.03)μm/d、(5.43±0.18)μm/d×100、(141.32±9.29)%/year、(58.14±2.3)%/year,P<0.05].CLS组的%Tb.A、Tb.Th、%L.Pm、MAR、BFR/BS、BFR/BV、BFR/TV和Ob.PM[(40.76±6.43)%、(164.25±45.65)μm、(42.02±6.12)%、(0.85±0.04)μm/d、(8.95±3.73)μm/d×100、(378.73±35.39)%/year、(73.52±8.71)%/year、(1.41±0.05)μm]均高于CS组(P均<0.05).[2]AHS组的%Tb.Ar、Oc.N、%Oc.Pm、%L.Pm、MAR、BFR/BS、BFR/BV和BFR/TV[(50.62±5.76)%、(0.51±0.05)N/mm、(1.13±0.05)%、(42.3±7.02)%、(1.28±0.09)μm/d、(12.91±1.52)μm/d×100、(390.12±43.56)%/year、(65.21±22.13)%/year]均高于AS组[(42.73±5.22)%、(0.41±0.17)N/mm、(0.77±0.52)%、(28.43±6.93)%、(0.80±0.03)μm/d、(9.83±1.44)μm/d ×100、(324.43±53.44)%/year和(48.35±9.36)%/year,P均<0.05].A15组的%Tb.Ar、Oc.N、%Oc.Pm、%L.Pm、MAR、BFR/BS、BFR/BV和BFR/TV[(51.14±6.22)%、(O.49±0.61)N/mm、(1.17±0.11)%、(45.06±6.92)%、(1.39 ±0.08)μm/d、(12.87±1.35)μm/d × 100、(394.6±50.23)%/year和(66.31±18.93)%/year]均高于AS组(P均<0.05).[3]CLHS组的Ob.PM、Oc.N和%Oc.Pm[(1.47±0.27)μm、(0.58±0.13)N/mm、(1.14±0.07)%]均高于NS组[(0.82±1.2)μm、(0.42±0.25)N/mm和(0.75±0.64)%,P均<0.05)].结论 短期染氟导致幼年、成年大鼠的腰椎成骨活动增强;长期染氟虽然增加成骨细胞数目,但是腰椎骨量增加不明显,有促进骨吸收,降低骨质量的可能,随着氟化钠使用时间的延长,逐渐表现出对生长期大鼠骨代谢和骨质量的负作用.

Effect of fluorine on bone histomorphometry of lumbar in rats

Objective To study the effect of fluorine on the bone histomorphometry of humbar in rats.Methods Ninety 2-month-old SPF Sparague-Dawley rats,half male and female,were randomly divided into 9 groups:control[(childhood(CS),adult(AS),long-time(NS)]group and drug group[childhood high-fluoride and low-fluoride group(CHS,CLS),adult high-fluoride and low-fluoride(AHS,ALS),long-term high-fluoride and low-fluoride(CLHS,CLLS)].The control group was administered orally with solution of 0.9%NaCl,while the drug group was given orally with different dose of NaF at the same time. Sections of the fifth lumbar were made which was undecalicified for bone histomorphometric analysis, including the percentage of trabecular bone area (% Tb.Ar),trabecular thickness(Tb.Th), trabecular number(Tb.N), trabecular separation(Th.Sp) ; broken trabecular bone area cells (Oc.N), osteoclast perimeter percentage (% Oc.Pm), the percentage of labeled perimeter (% L.Pm), bone mineral apposition rate(MAR), osteoblast perimeter(Ob.PM), trabecular bone perimeter formation rate (BFR/BS),trabecular bone area formation rate (BFR/BV), the total area of bone formation rate (BFR/TV). Results [1]The percentage of Tb.Ar, Tb.Th, Tb.N,%L.Pm, MAR, BFR/BS, BFR/BV and BFR/TV of CHS group [(50.63 ±7.44)%, (150.26 ± 27.51 )μm, (3.44 ± 0.47)N/mm, (50.63 ± 7.44)%, (0.85 ± 0.03)μm/d, (8.45 ± 2.36)μm/d ×100, (381.16 ± 41.62)%/year, (75.07 ± 4.81)%/year] was higher than that of CS group [(29.71 + 9.32)%,(110.93 ± 28.19)μm, (2.68 ± 0.34)N/mm, (24.00 ± 1.22)%, (0.65 ± 0.03)μm/d, (5.43 ± 0.18)μm/d × 100,(141.32 ± 9.29)%/year, (58.14 ± 2.3)%/year, all P < 0.05)]. The %Tb.Ar, Tb.Th, %L.Pm, MAR, BFR/BS,BFR/BV, BFR/TV and Ob.PM of CLS group [(40.76 ± 6.43)%, (164.25 ± 45.65)μm, (42.02 ± 6.12)%, (0.85 ±0.04)μm/d, (8.95 ± 3.73)μm/d × 100, (378.73 ± 35.39)%/year, (73.52 ± 8.71)%/year, (1.41 ± 0.05)μm] were increased (all P < 0.05). [2]Compared with AS group, the %Tb.Ar,Oc.N, %Oc.Pm, %L.Pm, MAR, BFR/BS,BFR/BV and BFR/TV of AHS group[ (50.62 ± 5.76)%, (0.51 ± 0.05)N/mm, (1.13 ± 0.05)%, (42.3 ± 7.02)%,(1.28 ± 0.09)μm/d, (12.91 ± 1.52)μm/d × 100, (390.12 ± 43.56)%/year, (65.21 ± 22.13)%/year] was higher than that of AS group[ (42.73 ± 5.22)%, (0.41 ± 0.17)N/ram, (0.77 ± 0.52)%, (28.43 ± 6.93)%, (0.80 ± 0.03)μm/d, (9.83 ± 1.44)μm/d × 100, (324.43±53.44)%/year and(48.35 ± 9.36)%/year, all P < 0.05)] . The %Tb.At, Oc.N, %Oc.Pm, %L.Pm, MAR, BFR/BS, BFR/BV and BFR/TV of ALS group [(51.14 ± 6.22)%, (0.49 ±0.61)N/mm, (1.17 ± 0.11)%, (45.06 ± 6.92)%, (1.39 ± 0.08)μm/d, (12.87 ± 1.35)μm/d × 100, (394.6 ±50.23)%/year and(66.31 ± 18.93)%/year] were higher than that of AS group(P < 0.05) .[3] The Ob.PM ,Oc.N and %Oc.Pm of CLHS group[ (1.47 ± 0.27)μm, (0.58 ± 0.13)N/mm, (1.14 ± 0.07)%] were obviously increased(P <0.05), as compared with NS group [ (0.82 ± 1.20)μm, (0.42 ± 0.25)N/mm and (0.75 ± 0.64)%, all P < 0.05].Conclusions The short-term administration of NaF on rats in the growing period increases the bone formation and osteoblast activities of young rats and adult rats. The long-term administration of NaF on rats does not increase the bone formation of rats in growth period. The osteoblast activities as well as the bone absorption of lumbar vertebra were strengthened. The likelihood of bone fracture became larger. The negative effects on bone metabolism and bone quality of rats were gradually displayed along with the prolongation of sodium fluoride usage.