腹膜透析在局灶节段性肾小球硬化伴急性肾损伤治疗中的应用

目的:观察腹膜透析(PD)治疗伴急性肾损伤(AKI)的局灶节段性肾小球硬化(FSGS)的临床疗效和安全性.方法:19例经肾活检明确诊断为特发性FSGS合并AKI患者,改良PD管置入方法,选用Swan-Neck直管,术后即采取日间非卧床腹膜透析(DAPD)模式透析,每日交换量1-8L,透析3个月以上,观察临床疗效、并发症、血生化及透析相关指标.结果:19例患者均随访3个月以上,总有效率73.7%(14/19).其中10例(52.6%)达完全缓解,4例部分缓解,5例未缓解.70%以上患者经PD治疗能满意控制水肿、高血压,末次随访时血清肌酐(SCr)降至基础值的65.6%(P＞0.05),尿素氮(BUN)降至基础值的47.9%(P＜0.01),白蛋白(Alb)、前白蛋白均回升(P＜0.01),尿量增加(P＜0.01),尿蛋白、N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)下降(P＜0.01),视黄醇结合蛋白(RBP)亦略下降(P＞0.05).进一步动态观察发现,浮肿多于PD 4周内消退,尿量,SCr,BUN多于PD12周内恢复.PD疗程2-10月,平均(5.0±2.9)月,肾功能恢复至正常的时间为PD后1-6月,80%患者于PD后4月内达完全缓解.PD相关并发症8例(42.0%),其中腹膜炎5例,腹膜炎发生时间为(3.13±1.44)月.4例培养出大肠埃希菌,1例为金黄色葡萄球菌,导管出口处感染1例,1例出现透析液引流不畅,1例并发透析液胸腔渗漏.无漂管、管周渗液、腹腔脏器损伤等.无1例死于PD相关并发症.24h透析液总蛋白含量为0.73 g/L.结论:短期平均透析(5.0±2.9)月]PD可作为FSGS伴有AKI的有效辅助治疗手段,尤其适用于临床表现为高度水肿、大量腹水、AKI患者,疗效显著(总体有效率达73.7%),不良反应少.

Peritoneal dialysis in the treatment of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis patients with acute kidney injury

Objective:To observe the efficacy and safety of peritoneal dialysis(PD) in the treatment of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis(FSGS) patients with acute kidney injury(AKI).Methodology:Nineteen FSGS patients with AKI were enrolled in this study.They were received DAPD with a daily exchange of 1 ~ 8L for at least 3 months.The clinical efficacy,peritoneal dialysis related complications,and biochemical parameters were reviewed.Results:The patients had a mean follow-up of more than 3 months.The mean time of PD t...