血液透析患者感染HIV、TP、HBV和HCV的情况调查

目的：了解血液透析患者人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）、梅毒螺旋体（TP）、乙肝病毒（HBV）、丙肝病毒（HCV）感染现状,为控制传染科疾病的医源性感染提供依据。方法：对进行血液透析治疗的320例患者进行HIV、TP、乙肝五项、抗-HCV检测。结果：本文患者HIV感染0例,梅毒感染7例（占2.19%）,乙肝感染153例（占47.81%）,与国内相关报道大致相符,丙肝感染37例（占11.56%）,低于国内相关统计数据;其中梅毒＋丙肝混合感染1例,梅毒＋乙肝混合感染4例,丙肝＋乙肝混合感染20例,总感染率达到53.75%。严格感控措施后,感染率由44.44%降到了21.21%。结论：血液透析患者是经血传播疾病的高发人群,与正常健康查体人群的梅毒、乙肝、丙肝的感染率有较大差异,混合感染多见,严格感控措施后感染率下降明显,提示加强血液透析患者传染性疾病的监控,有助于阻止医源性传染性疾病的传播。

Investigation on HIV, TP, HBV, HCV Infection in Patients Accepting Maintenance Hemodialysis

Objective To realize the hemodialysis infection status of HIV,TP,HBV,HCV and provide evidence for control of iatrogenic infection of infectious diseases.Methods To detect 320 hemodialysis patients’s serum samples for HIV,TP,HBV,HCV.Results there was none of case in HIV infection,7 cases in TP infection(2.19%),153 cases in HBV infection(47.81%) which matched the national reports approximately,37 cases in HCV infection(11.56%) which were low than the national statistical data.Among data,there were 1 case in TP+HCV,4 cases in TP+HBV,20 cases in HCV+HBV,those cases up to 53.75%.The infection rate was reduced from 44.44% to 21.21% by the rigorous infection control.Conclusion Hemodialysis patients who were high-risk population by blood-borne diseases had more chance to get mixed infection.There was more differences from the infection rate of TP,HBV,HCV in normal healthy persons.The infection rate was reduced remarkably by the rigorous infection control.Those data means to strengthen monitoring efforts for infection diseases of hemodialysis patients can help to prevent spread of iatrogenic infection diseases.