肺部真菌感染的临床特征和危险因素分析

目的研究肺部真菌感染的发生及预后。方法回顾性分析146例肺部真菌感染患者的临床资料。结果病原菌主要以白色念珠菌为主。广谱、高效抗生素、糖皮质激素的应用和低蛋白血症、高龄、器官移植、恶性肿瘤、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、糖尿病等是继发真菌感染的主要危险因素。结论肺部真菌感染是多种疾病继发感染的重要原因,疑诊患者应早期检测下呼吸道分泌物。尽可能避免盲目使用高效、广谱抗生素及糖皮质激素以减少继发肺部真菌感染的发生。

Analysis of clinical characteristics and risk factors of pulmonary fungal infection

Objective To study the etiological factors, incidence and prognosis of pulmonary fungal infection. Methods One hundred forty-six cases with pulmonary infection were retrospectively analyzed. Results. Candida albicans was ranked the first pathogen. The risk factors of secondary pulmonary fungal infection were utilization of broad-spectrum antibiotics and carticosterioids, hypopriterinemia, advanced age, organ transplantation, COPD, and diabetes mellitus. Conclusion As pulmonary fungal infection is major reason for secondary infection for many diseases, it is necessary to make early examination on secretion of lower respiratory tract in suspected patients. It should also when possible avoid random use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and corticosteroids in order to reduce incidence of pulmonary fungal infection.