创伤患者医院感染病原菌群耐药性监测及预防措施

目的了解创伤患者医院感染的情况。方法对我院创伤外科病房2000年11月-2004年6月收治的4077例患者的有关临床资料进行回顾性调查分析。结果155例患获得性医院感染，感染率3．80％，感染部位以呼吸道与伤口为主；其致病菌以金葡菌、铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、不动杆菌属、肠球菌属等为主。这些菌株对临床常用抗生素都有不同程度耐药性，有些还呈多重耐药。结论对创伤患者应采取相应的预防措施，加强对感染源的监测，合理使用抗生素，才能降低创伤患者的医院感染率。

Nosocomial infection in traumatic patients:study on pathogen and its resistance to antibiotics and preventive measures

Objective To understand the condition of nosocomial infection in traumatic patients.Methods The clinical data of 4077 cases inpatients with traumatic injuries from Nov 2000 to Jun 2004 were analyzed retrospectively.Results The total infection rate was 3.80%,155 cases suffered from nosocomial infection.Respiratory tract and wound were the frequent infection sites.The predominant pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichla coli,Acinetobacter,Enterococcus,etc.They resisted to antibiotics at different degrees,some showed multi-resistance.Conclusion Risk factors of nosocomial infection were analyzed.Some measurements were introduced to lower the infection rate of trauma patients on the basis of the risk factors.For example,surveillance of infective origin were intensified,proper antibiotics were judiciously used.