兔颈动脉粥样硬化斑块破裂模型的建立

目的探索建立颈动脉粥样硬化斑块破裂模型的有效方法。方法30只雄兔随机分为2组,分别给予改良的球囊损伤术加高脂饲料喂养（A组,n=20）、单纯高脂饲料喂养（B组,n=10）。8周时处死部分动物,观察颈动脉病变的形态特征。其余兔（A组,n=9;B组,n=5）颈动脉局部注射液氮期望激发所形成的粥样斑块破裂,3d后处死所有兔,再次观察颈动脉病变的形态特征。实验前、实验后8周及液氮激发后3d分别抽血测定hs-CRP及MMP-9水平。结果A组抽检9只兔均发现典型动脉粥样硬化病变及斑块形成,B组兔颈动脉未发现动脉粥样硬化病变。液氮激发后3d A组剩余的9只兔均发生斑块破裂及血栓形成,斑块破裂率为100%;且血hs-CRP及MMP-9水平较B组及激发前明显升高（P均〈0.001）。结论改良球囊损伤加液氮激发可成功建立兔颈动脉粥样硬化斑块破裂模型。

Establishment of a rabbit carotid atherosclerotic plaque rupture model

Objective To explore the effective method of establishing an animal model of carotid atherosclerotic plaque rupture. Methods Thirty male rabbits were randomly divided into group A （n=20 and group B （n=）.Rabbits in group A were fed with high fatty forage and injury of their carotids was induced by balloon and rabbits in group B were fed with high fatty forage. After 8 weeks, some rabbits were sacrificed and the morphological characteristics of pathological changes in carotids were observed. Plaque rupture was triggered in survived rabbits in group A and 5 survived rabbits in group B by local injection of liquid nitrogen into their carotids. After 3 days, all rabbits were sacrificed and the morphological characteristics of pathological changes in carotids were observed again. Before and 8 weeks after experiment and 3 days after liquid nitrogen injection, fasting blood samples were collected for high serum sensitive C-reactive protein（hs-CRP） and matrix metalloproteinases-9（MMP-9） assay. Results The typical pathological changes of atherosclerosis and plaque formation were found in 9 rabbits of group A, but not in those of group B. Three days after liquid nitrogen injection, plaque rupture and thrombosis occurred in all survived rabbits of group A and the incidence of plaque rupture was 100%. The plasma concentrations of hs-CRP and MMP-9 in group A were higher than in group B before liquid nitrogen injection（P〈0.001）. Conclusion A model of rabbit carotid atherosclerotic plaque rupture can be established by improved balloon injury and liquid nitrogen injection.