谈宋本《伤寒论》原文的398条与808条

宋本《伤寒论》共10卷22篇,原文共计808条。前4篇原文共计122条,其中辨脉法、平脉法、伤寒例3篇,虽然多被认为是王叔和采摭群书,附以己意而成,然"辨脉法"与"平脉法"作为脉法总论,"伤寒例"作为外感热病学概论、伤寒辨证之规范,其内容不乏精妙,学术价值亦不可低估;痉湿暍篇虽见于《金匮要略》,然其证与伤寒相似,具有鉴别诊断之意义,示人不可误治。中10篇论六经辨证、霍乱病、阴阳易差后劳复,是《伤寒论》的重点与核心,共计398条,不可混同于397法。后8篇原文共计288条,其内容虽与中10篇重复较多,但有学者考证提出后8篇的内容本是王叔和所见散失《伤寒杂病论》的原始状态,值得进一步深入研究。

Discussion About Article 398 and 808 of the Original Text in Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases of the Song Dynasty

In Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases of the Song Dynasty,there are 10 volumes consisting of 22 chapters,with 808 original articles.There are 122 articles in the first 4 chapters,and among them,there are 3 chapters about method of pulse differentiation,method of smoothing pulse and cases of cold damage diseases.Although most of them are regarded as Wang Shu-he′s collection of books combined with his own ideas,method of pulse differentiation and method of smoothing pulse as the general principle of pulse methods,cases of cold damage diseases as the general introduction of exogenous febrile diseases and the standard of differentiation of cold damage syndrome,their contents are exquisite and their academic value cannot be underestimated;Although the chapter about convulsive disease and dampness can be seen in Synopsis of the Golden Chamber,its syndrome is similar to cold damage disease,which has the significance of differential diagnosis and shows people here in order to prevent from mistreating.The 10 chapters in the middle of the work are about six-meridian syndrome differentiation,cholera,and recurrence of the disease due to exhaustion caused by yin-yang transmission,are the focus and core of Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases,with 398 articles in total,which shouldn′t be confused with 397 methods.In the last 8 chapters,there are 288 original texts in total.Although the contents of the last8 chapters repeat some contents of the middle 10 chapter,some scholars have proved that the contents of the last 8 chapters are the original state of the scattered Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases seen by Wang Shu-he,which is worth further studying.