江苏地区老年人主观性耳鸣的流行病学调查

目的 探讨老年人耳鸣的分布情况，为制订防治策略提供科学依据。方法 采用按容量比例概率抽样方法，在江苏省常住人口中抽样，对1149名60岁及以上的老年人进行耳鸣问卷调查，并做出评估。结果 被调查人群的耳鸣患病率为29．6％（标化患病率：全国29．7％，江苏29．8％）。耳鸣患病率随年龄增加逐渐上升，但年龄组间差异无统计学意义（P〉O．05），性别之间差异亦无统计学意义（男29．9％，女29．3％，P〉0．05），农村人群耳鸣患病率（31．8％）高于城镇（25．1％）（P〈O．05）。有意义的耳鸣患病率为2．5％，年龄、性别及城乡之间差异均无统计学意义（P〉O．05）。结论 耳鸣在老年人群中较为常见。耳鸣与多种因素有关，有必要加强老年人耳鸣的防治研究。

An epidemiologic study on tinnitus in aged population of Jiangsu province

Objective To investigate the prevalence of tinnitus and related factors in older population in Jiangsu province. Methods One thousand one hundred and forty-nine people aged 60 years and over were selected, as a part of a broad study of hearing impairment and ear disease, by the methods of probability proportional to size (PPS). All participants answered a questionnaire concerning their tinnitus. Results The overall prevalence of tinnitus was 29. 6% and the standardized rates were 29. 7% in the whole country, and 29. 8% in Jiangsu province. Its prevalence increased with age, but there was no significant difference found among the groups(P>0. 05). There was also no significant difference observed between male and female (29. 9% for males, 29. 3% for females, P>0. 05). But significant difference of prevalence was found between urban (25. 1%) and rural residents (31. 8%)(P<0. 05). The prevalence of significant tinnitus was 2. 5%. No significant difference was found among age groups (P>0. 05). There was no significant difference between male and female (P>0. 05), nor was urban and rural residents (P>0. 05). Conclusions Tinnitus is a common problem in the older population. With the aging of population, the problem will become more and more severe. More research is urgently needed on prevention and treatment of tinnitus in elderly people.