非自杀性自伤行为影响因素及相关研究

  目的  探讨安徽省合肥市青少年群体非自杀性自伤(non-suicidal self-injury, NSSI)行为的影响因素及其与自杀的相关性。  方法  随机选取合肥市初中生和高中生共10 400名进行问卷调查。并用SPSS 22.0统计分析软件对数据进行分析，比较不同特征中学生NSSI行为检出率差异，以及探索NSSI行为的影响因素。  结果  不同年级、居住地、家庭经济情况、教养方式、父母关系、睡眠质量、兴趣以及有无自杀意念、自杀企图、自杀行为、抑郁情绪的中学生存在NSSI行为检出率差异(均有P < 0.05)；社会支持、依恋质量好的个体有更少的NSSI行为(均有P < 0.05)；居住于城镇、对他人丧失兴趣、以及重度抑郁是NSSI行为的危险因素(均有P < 0.05)，高质量的睡眠质量、亲子依恋、同伴依恋及社会支持是NSSI行为的保护因素(均有P < 0.05)。  结论  NSSI行为的发生受多种因素影响。家庭和社会应从青少年人际关系的角度出发，为中学生创造安全和谐的环境，以减少其NSSI行为。

Study on influencing factors of non-suicidal self-injury behavior and the link with suicide among youth

  Objective  To explore influencing factors of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and the link with suicide among middle students in Hefei City, Anhui Province.  Methods  Designed questionnaires were delivered to 10 400 middle students. The detection rate of NSSI on different demographic and the influencing factors were analyzed by SPSS 22.0 software.  Results  The difference of detection rate on grades, location, family economic status, sleep quality, interest, suicide ideation, suicide attempt, suicide behaviors and depression were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). Students with high level of social support and attachment had lower frequency of NSSI (all P < 0.05). Located in town, loss interest of others, severe depression were risk factors of NSSI (all P < 0.05). Good attachment with parents and friends, high sleep quality and social support were protective factors of NSSI (all P < 0.05).  Conclusions  NSSI influenced by multiple factors. To reduce NSSI behaviors, family, society should create safe and harmonious environment for middle school students in order to reduce NSSI.