温湿指数对精神分裂症急性发作的影响及个体特征的修饰作用

目的  探索高温湿指数暴露与精神分裂症急性发作之间的关系。方法  收集2005年1月1日-2014年12月31日合肥每日气象和精神分裂症数据。使用分布滞后非线性模型(distributed lag non-linear model, DLNM)分析温湿指数对精神分裂症急性发作的影响。同时，探讨性别、年龄、婚姻状况和研究时期段对暴露效应所产生的修饰作用。结果  高温湿指数与精神分裂症急性发作存在相关，在滞后第2天的效应最大(RR=1.031，95% CI: 1.011~1.051，P < 0.05)。按个体特征进行亚组分析时，发现年龄21~60岁、男性和已婚患者相对其他人群更易受到高温湿指数暴露的影响。此外，相比第1个五年(2005-2009年)，第2个五年(2010-2014年)高温湿指数暴露的危害效应呈现下降趋势。结论  高温湿指数是精神分裂症急性发作的危险因素，21~60岁、男性和已婚患者更易受到高温湿指数的影响。

Association of schizophrenia onset with exposure to outdoor thermal comfort: effect modification by individual characteristics

  Objective  To investigate the association between exposure to high humidex and the risk of schizophrenia onset.  Methods  Daily schizophrenia and meteorological data from 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2014 in Hefei, China, were collected. We quantified the relationship between humidex and schizophrenia onset using a distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM). The effect modifications by gender, age, marital status and study periods were also examined.  Results  High humidex was significantly associated with schizophrenia onset, with the largest effect at two days lag (RR=1.031, 95% CI: 1.011-1.051, P < 0.05). When conducting subgroup analyses by individuals characteristics, we found that patients aged 21-60 years, males and married patients were more vulnerable to high humidex than patients aged 0-20, ≥60 years, females and unmarried patients, respectively. In addition, we also observed a clear decline in the effect of high humidex on schizophrenia from the first five years (2005-2009) to the second five years (2010-2014).  Conclusion  This study suggested that high humidex was a risk factor for schizophrenia onset, and patients aged 21-60 years, males and married patients were particularly vulnerable to the effect of high humidex.