槟榔多酚对急进高原大鼠具有抗缺氧作用

目的 研究槟榔多酚的抗高原缺氧活性以及在高原缺氧条件下对大鼠各组织的保护作用。方法 将Wistar大鼠按随机数字表法分为6组：平原组、高原组、高原+红景天组、高原+槟榔多酚低剂量组（400 mg/kg）、高原+槟榔多酚中剂量组（800 mg/kg）、高原+槟榔多酚高剂量组（1600 mg/kg），6只/组。各组动物按剂量预防给药3 d后急进海拔4010 m的高原，连续5 d缺氧暴露。取各组大鼠腹主动脉血，测定其动脉血气；完整摘取各组大鼠肝组织、肺组织、脑组织和心肌组织，HE染色观察期病理变化；使用试剂盒测定肝组织、肺组织、脑组织和心肌组织中SOD活力、MDA含量和GSH含量；并使用蛋白质芯片技术，测定血清中差异性表达的炎症因子。结果 与平原组相比，高原组大鼠血氧饱和度明显降低，肝组织、肺组织、脑组织和心肌组织均出现不同程度的损伤，肝、肺组织MDA含量升高，肝、肺、心肌及脑组织中SOD活力降低，肝、肺和心肌组织GSH含量降低，血清中炎症因子MCP-1，TIMP-1，ICAM-1，L-Selectin水平升高（P<0.05）。预防给药红景天及槟榔多酚后，缺氧大鼠的血氧饱和度显著增加（P<0.05），HE染色结果显示各脏器的损伤得到不同程度的缓解，主要组织中MDA含量降低、SOD活力升高、GSH含量升高，血清中差异性表达的炎症因子MCP-1，TIMP-1，ICAM-1，L-Selectin水平明显降低（P<0.05）。结论 槟榔多酚具有抗高原缺氧的活性，并对急进高原大鼠的各脏器具有保护作用，可能是通过提升机体抗氧化能力，减轻机体炎症反应来发挥其抗高原缺氧活性。

Betelnut polyphenols provide protection against high-altitude hypoxia in rats

Objective To investigate the protective effects of betelnut polyphenols on the vital organs against high-altitude hypoxia in rats. Methods We compared low- , medium- , and high- dose betelnut polyphenols (400, 800, and 1600 mg/kg, respectively) and rhodiola the effects of against high-altitude hypoxia in Wistar rats. The rats were kept in normal condition and given the drugs daily for 3 days before transfer to a facility at the altitude of 4010 m, where the rats were kept for 5 consecutive days for hypoxic exposure. The rats were then euthanized for measuring arterial blood gas and assessing liver, lung, brain and cardiac pathologies with HE staining. SOD activity, MDA content and GSH content in the organs were measured, and serum levels of inflammatory factors were detected using a protein microarray. Results Acute exposure to hypoxia significantly reduced blood oxygen saturation of the rats (P<0.05), caused damages in the liver, lung, brain and myocardium, lowered SOD activity and GSH content and increased MDA content in the vital organs, and increased serum levels of TIMP-1, MCP-1, ICAM-1, and L-selectin (P<0.05). Treatment with betelnut polyphenols significantly improved blood oxygen saturation, alleviated organ damages, decreased MDA content and increased SOD activity and GSH content in the tissues, and significantly lowered serum levels of inflammatory cytokines in rats with acute exposure to high-altitude hypoxia (P<0.05). Conclusions Betelnut polyphenols provides protection of the vital organs against acute high-altitude hypoxia in rats by enhancing the antioxidant capacity and reducing inflammatory response.