结直肠腺瘤性息肉发生的危险因素分析

目的 探讨结直肠腺瘤性息肉发生的相关危险因素。方法 回顾性分析2013年3月至2014年11月于首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院消化内镜中心行结肠镜检查者,共检出息肉样病变患者662例,其中140例患者经病理确诊为结直肠腺瘤入组病例组,另有522例研究对象内镜未见明显异常,或病理证实为炎性息肉或增生性息肉者,作为对照组,收集患者年龄、性别、个人史、既往史等因素进行统计学分析。结果 两组间的比较显示,结直肠腺瘤的发生与年龄相关,性别、吸烟、饮酒和息肉史是影响结直肠腺瘤发生的因素(P＜0.05);采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析结果显示,年龄(P<0.001)、吸烟(P=0.021) 、饮酒(P=0.022)是结直肠腺瘤发生的独立危险因素。结论 年龄、吸烟、饮酒是结直肠腺瘤发生的独立危险因素。故在体检行结肠镜检查时应注意综合考虑患者相关危险因素,筛选高危人群,以提高腺瘤检出率。

Analysis of related risk factors of colorectal adenomatous polyps

Objective To investigate the risk factors of colorectal adenoma incidence. Methods Data of 662 patients with polypoid lesions admitted at Beijing Friendship Hospital from March 2013 to November 2014 were retrospectively collected, including the basic information such as age, gender, body mass index(BMI), family history, past medical history etc. Totally 140 cases of the patients were pathologically diagnosed as colorectal adenoma and 522 subjects of the patients were enrolled as control group. Combined with the collected data, the risk factors had been analyzed. Results The student t test showed that the age was the risk factor of colorectal adenoma (P<0.05). The chi-square test or Fisher exact test showed that the gender, smoking, drinking and polyp-growing history were correlative factors of colorectal adenoma(P<0.05). The multivariate analysis suggested the age (P<0.001), smoking (P=0.021) and drinking (P=0.022) were independent risk factors of colorectal adenoma. Conclusion The age, cigarette smoking, alcohol intake are independent risk factors of colorectal adenoma. Therefore, we should consider the relevant risk factors of the patients and screen high-risk groups to improve the detection rate of adenoma.