妊娠期产前检查次数与低出生体重儿的相关性

目的  了解河北省孕产妇产前检查状况，探讨产前检查次数与低出生体重儿的关系。方法  对2013年1月1日―2017年12月31日河北省22所监测医院入院的分娩≥28周、年龄在18~≤55周岁的263 171例单胎孕产妇及其新生儿资料进行分析，根据孕产妇产前检查次数将其分为0~≤3次、4~≤7次及≥8次三组，分析孕产妇产前检查次数与低出生体重儿的关系。结果  随着产前检查次数的增加，低出生体重儿的发生率有降低的趋势。多因素Logistic回归分析模型显示，产前检查次数0~≤3次的孕产妇低出生体重儿发生率是≥8次孕产妇的1.802倍；产前检查次数4~≤7次孕产妇低出生体重儿发生率是≥8次孕产妇的1.268倍。多因素Logistic回归分析模型显示，孕妇高龄、产次多及终止妊娠孕周小是产前检查次数的独立危险因素，孕妇受教育程度高、妊娠次数多及合并妊娠合并症是产前检查次数的保护因素。结论  产前检查次数越多，发生低出生体重儿的风险越低，应加强对受教育程度低、产次多及高龄等孕妇的健康教育和产前保健，减少低出生体重儿的发生。

A study on the relationship between the number of prenatal visits and low birth weight infants

  Objective  To understand the prenatal healthcare examination status of pregnant women in Hebei Province, and to explore the relationship between the frequency of prenatal visits and low birth weight infants.  Methods  The data of 263 171 singleton pregnant women aged 18-≤55 and their newborns who were delivered for more or equal to 28 weeks and were hospitalized in 22 monitoring hospitals in Hebei Province, from January 2013 to December 2017 were analyzed.They were divided into three groups based on the number of prenatal visits, including 0-≤3, 4-≤7 and≥8. The relationship between the number of prenatal visits and low birth weight children was analyzed.  Results  With the increase in the number of prenatal visits, the prevalance of low birth weight infants tend to decrease. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the incidence of low birth weight infants in pregnant women with 0-≤3 prenatal visits was 1.802 times that of pregnant women who had equal to or more than 8 prenatal visits comparatively; The incidence of low birth weight infants in pregnant women with 4-≤7 prenatal visits was 1.268 times than that of pregnant women with more or equal to 8 prenatal visits. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the advanced age of pregnant women, multiple births and small gestational age were the independent risk factors for the number of prenatal visits.The high educational level of pregnant women, the number of pregnancies and pregnancy complications were the protective factors for the number of prenatal visits.  Conclusions  The more the frequency of prenatal visits, the lower the risk of low birth weight infants.Hence we should strengthen the health education and prenatal care for pregnant women with low educational level, multiple childbirths and advanced age, so as to promote the health of mothers and infants.