Different COPD Disease Characteristics are Related to Different Outcomes in the 6-minute Walk Test

Abstract

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can lead to severe disability as the disease advances. The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) is commonly used to measure functional capacity in COPD patients and has three potential outcomes; walking distance, oxygen desaturation, and self-perceived dyspnea assessed by the Borg scale, all reflecting different aspects of COPD. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of all 3 outcomes of 6MWT in patients with COPD. Methods: 370 COPD patients, aged 40–75 yrs, were included from the first phase of the Bergen COPD cohort study. They were examined with spirometry, bioelectrical impedance measurements, 6MWT, Center for Epidemiologic Studies of Depression (CES-D) Scale, Medical Research Council (MRC) dyspnea scale, Charlson index for co-morbidities, self-reported physical activity questionnaire, plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and arterial blood gases. Results: Significant predictors in the multivariate analyses were sex, age, FEV₁ in% predicted, symptoms of dyspnea (MRC), co-morbidities (Charlson Index) and self-reported physical activity for walking distance, FEV₁ in% predicted and PaO₂ for oxygen desaturation, and body composition, smoking and co-morbidities for self-perceived dyspnea assessed by the Borg scale. Conclusion: Several COPD characteristics have predictive value for the 6MWT, and some COPD characteristics are more strongly related to specific 6MWT outcomes than others.