战时颅脑火器伤的一线救治

目的 研究探讨现代战争中颅脑火器务的特点和一线救治措施。方法 回顾性研究1985年云南前线师救护所救治的500例员中，38例颅脑火器伤伤员的一线急救，包括早期清创、早期开颅等处理，分析其致伤原因、特点与一线救治体会。结果 29例经清创处理后安全后送，7例经师救护所治疗7至19d痊愈归队；死亡2例，其中1例合并创伤性血气胸死亡。结论 战时师救护所对颅脑火器伤准确的伤性判断、及时有效的清创、安全合理的后送是完成颅脑火器伤前沿救治的有效保证。

Emergency Treatment of Fire-arm Craniocerebral Injuries in the Front Line During the War Time

Objectives To explore the characteristics of fire-arm craniocerebral injury in the modern war and the optimal measures of the first-aid treatment in the front line. Methods Data of 38 Cases with various degree of craniocerebral injuries, who were admitted to the medical aid stations of the divisions in Yunnan front in 1985, were retrospectively analyzed. Early debridement and craniotomy were the measures mostly used during the surgery. Results Among these 38 cases, 29 were safely evacuated to the rear hospital after first-aid management, 7 patients who remained to treat in the medical aid station were finally cured and went back to their unit. Two patients died and one of them was died of complicated traumatic, hemopenumothorax. Conclusion The authors concluded that, early diagnosis, timely effective debridement and safely evacuating patients after proper first aid management, were of key importance in dealing with fire-arm craniocerebral injuries.