护理人员职业倦怠与护理人员工作环境的相关性调查研究

目的探讨护理人员职业倦怠与护理人员工作环境的相关性。方法2012年1～3月，选择我院的护理人员作为调查对象。采用自制的调查问卷调查护理人员的一般资料，采用马氏人际工作者倦怠量表评价职业倦怠程度。护理人员的工作环境状况评价采用护理人员专业工作环境量表。评价护理人员职业倦怠与护理人员工作环境的相关性。结果护理人员职业倦怠与常模比较，去人格化和个人无效感差异显著（P〈0．05）。不同科室护理人员职业倦怠的各维度得分存在显著差异（P〈0．05）。不同年龄、护龄职业倦怠去人格化存在差异（P〈0．05）。不同科室护理人员内部工作动机、对实践的控制、领导和自主、医护关系、文化敏感性、团队合作存在差异（P〈0．05）。不同学历护理人员在领导和自主维度差异明显（P〈0．05）。对情感耗竭的影响因素有对实践的控制、内部工作动机、科室、团队合作。对去人格化的影响因素主要有团队合作、年龄、内部工作动机、科室、对实践的控制。个人无效感相关因素有对实践的控制、内部工作动机、文化敏感性。结论护理人员工作环境对职业倦怠中的情感耗竭、去人格化及个人无效感等均有影响。

Survey of relationship of nursing burnout and working environment

Objective To discuss relationship of nursing burnout and work environment. Methods Jan-Mar 2012, nurses of our hospital were suveryed. Self-made questionaire were used to survey social demographic data, Markov in- terpersonal workers burnout scale was used to suvery nursing burnout,and the nurse working environment scale was used to survery working environment. Relationship of nursing burnout and working environment were evaluated. Re- suits Depersonalization and personal invalid feeling of nurses were significantly different woth norm-referenced test （P 〈 0.05 ）. All dimensions of nurses in different department had significant difference （P 〈 0.05）. Depersonalization in different ages and nursing ages had significant difference （P 〈 0.05）. In different department,Internal work motiva- tion ,control of practice ,leadership and independent, doctor-nurse relationship, cultural sensitivity, teamwork had sig- nificant difference （P 〈 0.05）. Leadership and independent in different education background had significant differ- ence （P 〈 0.05 ）. Influencing factors of emotional exhaustion were control of practice,internal work motivation ,depart- ment,teamwork.Influencing factors of depersonalization were teamwork, age, internal work motivation, department, control of practice.Influencing factors of personal invalid feeling were control of practice,internal work motivation, cultural sensitivity. Conclusion Working environment has an influence on emotional exhaustion,depersonalization and personal invalid feeling.