Primary mucosal malignant melanoma of the oral cavity |
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Authors: | Arif T��rkmen Metin Temel Mehmet Bekerecioglu |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Sahinbey Research and Training Hospital, Gaziantep University Medical Faculty, Gaziantep, 27300, Turkey |
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Abstract: | Mucosal malignant melanoma arising from the head and neck region is a rare entity, and it is more aggressive than cutaneous
melanoma. Furthermore, the complex anatomy of the oral cavity makes complete surgical excision difficult. Thus, early diagnosis
and treatment of a mucosal lesion are important. In this study, three mucosal malignant melanoma cases and the literature
have been reviewed. Three cases who presented with a primary malignant melanoma of the oral cavity have been retrospectively
analyzed. All three patients were female with a mean age of 31.3 years, and the median follow-up period was 18.6 (6–36) months.
The tumor was located on the maxillary gingiva in case 1 and in the hard palate–maxillary gingiva in cases 2 and 3. Case 2
had a distant metastasis during first admission. The tumor was excised with a 2-cm surgical margin in all cases. Case 2 received
adjuvant chemotherapy. During the follow-up period, case 1 had a cervical lymphadenopathy 8 months after the first operation,
so she underwent cervical lymph node dissection then received chemotherapy. Melanoma of the oral cavity is very rare with
an extremely poor prognosis. As some melanomas may be amelanotic, a high index of suspicion is necessary. A biopsy should
be taken from any suspicious lesion in the oral cavity. Surgical excision combined with adjuvant therapy is the main treatment
approach for these cases. Prognosis of the disease depends on early diagnosis and treatment. A multicenter prospective study
is required to introduce staging of the disease and the optimal treatment regimen. |
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