膈淋巴管三维构型和淋巴吸收机制的研究

采用自行合成的新型铸型剂PAES－3，用扫描电镜淋巴管铸型技术对5例人胎膈淋巴管的三维构型进行研究。人胎隔淋巴管分布较密集，多形成淋巴管网。隔淋巴管网主要由集合淋巴管、淋巴吻合管和毛细淋巴管组成。在膈肌性部，有两层淋巴管网，即浆膜下淋巴管网和深淋巴管网，两者由丰富的淋巴吻合管相沟通；在膈中心腱部，仅一层淋巴管网，淋巴吻合管与集合淋巴告密集相连，呈密网状。膈中心腱部淋巴管网较膈肌性部密集。在膈淋巴管网中，毛细淋巴管常延续为呈扁平状膨大的淋巴陷窝。在集合淋巴管和淋巴吻合管的表面，有许多切迹和缩窄。经透射电镜证实，这些切迹和缩窄即是淋巴管瓣膜所在部位。通过本实验，对腹膜腔淋巴转归径路有了较明确的认识。

Studies on Three-dimensional Configuration of Diaphragmatic Lymphatics and Absorptive Mechanism of Lymph from the Peritoneal Cavity

Three-dimensional configuration of diaphragmatic lymphatics in five fetuses was studiedby the lymphatic casts of scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope.A new resin, PAES-3,prepared by piperylene, acrylie ester and styrene was used instead ofMercox. The diaphragmatic lymphatics formed rich networks. There were two layers oflymphatic networks, i. e. the submesothelial network and the deeper network, in the muscu-lar portion and only one layer in the tendinous portion of the diaphragm. The lymphatic networks were denser in the tendinous portion than those in the muscular portion. The lymphatic network were mainly composed of collecting lymphatic vessels, anastomosing sidebranches and lymphatic capillaries. The side branches often communicated the submesothelial network with the deeper network in the muscular portion. The collecting lymphaticswere connected at regular intervals by way of transverse side branches in the tendinous portion. Numerous constrictions and notches showed the presence of lymphatic valves and wereoften found on the cast surface of the collecting Iymphatic vessels and the side branches. Thelymphatics extended as far as the terminal branches and can be recognized as broad, flattenedand blind-ended. In present study, three-dimensional configuration of human diaphagmaticlymphatics was first described. It was suggested that the passageway of the lyrnph flow ofthe peritoneal cavity may be explained. From the peritoneal stomata, the lymph of the peritoneal cavity flowed into the channels under the peritioneum, then into the lymphatic lacunaeand finally into the lymphatic networks under the diaphragmatic pleura.