Inhibitory effect of fenofibrate on neointima hyperplasia via G(0)/G(1) arrest of cell proliferation |
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| Authors: | Lee Jung-Jin Yu Ji-Yeon Zhang Wei-Yun Kim Tack-Joong Lim Yong Kwon Jin-Sook Kim Dong-Woon Myung Chang-Seon Yun Yeo-Pyo |
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| Affiliation: | aDepartment of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy & Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea;bInstitute of Oral Biosciences and 21 Century Education Center for Advanced Public Dental Health (BK 21 program), Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea;cDivision of Biological Science and Technology, Institute of Biomaterials, Yonsei University, Wonju 220-710, Republic of Korea;dResearch Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea;eDepartment of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 501-746, Republic of Korea;fDepartment of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea;gCollege of Pharmacy, Research Center for Bioresource and Health, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | We have previously reported that fenofibrate displayed a potent antithrombotic effect by the inhibition of platelet aggregation. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of fenofibrate on the neointimal hyperplasia and its possible molecular mechanism. Neointimal hyperplasia was measured in balloon-inflated–induced vascular injury model of male Sprague–Dawley rats and cell proliferation was measured in primary cultured rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Fenofibrate-treated group showed a significant reduction in neointimal formation (0.07 ± 0.04 mm2) from the control (0.13 ± 0.04 mm2). Fenofibrate significantly inhibited platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-induced cell counting and [3H]-thymidine incorporation into DNA. Fenofibrate suppressed the PDGF-BB-inducible progression through G0/G1 to S phase of cell cycle. Moreover, fenofibrate inhibited not only phosphorylation of retinoblastoma (Rb) protein and expression of cyclin D/E, CDK 2/4 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) proteins but also mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways such as ERK 1/2, p38 and JNK phosphorylation. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that fenofibrate significantly inhibits neointimal formation via G0/G1 arrest of PDGF-BB-induced cell proliferation in association with the inhibition of MAPK, which resulted in the downregulation of expressions of cyclin D/E, CDK 2/4 and PCNA proteins, suggesting that fenofibrate may be useful for individuals with a high risk of thrombotic or cardiovascular diseases. |
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| Keywords: | Neointima hyperplasia Fenofibrate G0/G1 arrest Cardiovascular disease |
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