深圳市南山区学龄儿童患龋情况及口腔保健知识知晓率调查

目的 了解2006-2010年深圳市南山区小学学生龋齿的流行情况和口腔保健知识掌握情况,为预防和控制龋病提供科学依据.方法 以深圳市南山区3所试点小学的1～6年级约3000名学生为研究对象,由口腔专业医师按照世界卫生组织的诊断标准及方法进行口腔检查和口腔知识与行为自填式问卷调查.以患龋率、龋齿充填率、龋均等作为统计指标,对2006-2010年的调查数据进行统计分析.结果 2006-2010年调查学生乳牙患龋率分别为50.82％、37.10％、31.74％、29.50％、28.68％,恒牙患龋率分别为10.79％、9.12％、9.36％、8.58％、7.18％,趋势x2检验结果显示,乳牙、恒牙患龋率呈逐年降低趋势(趋势x2值分别为-0.224、-0.095,P＜0.05).2006-2010年乳牙充填率分别为10.56％、24.31％、24.47％、25.17％、30.21％,恒牙充填率分别为28.42％、31.82％、32.44％、33.24％、35.59％,趋势x2检验结果显示,乳牙、恒牙充填率呈逐年升高趋势(趋势x2值分别为0.250、0.182,P＜0.05).2006-2010年乳牙、恒牙龋均无年度趋势变化,经Joinpoint回归趋势分析无统计学意义(APC=-3.69、-2.42、P＞0.05).2006-2010年深圳市南山区试点小学生口腔保健行为知晓率呈逐年升高趋势,有正确个人口腔保健行为的学生比例逐年升高,均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 对试点学校学生进行口腔健康教育工作可有效降低学生患龋率,提高口腔保健知识水平,对养成良好的口腔保健习惯有推动作用.

Prevalence of Tooth Caries and the Awareness Rate of Dental Health Knowledge in School-age Children in Nanshan Area of Shenzhen

Objective To assess the epidemic condition and inquire into behavior factor of dental caries in school-age children during 2006 to 2010 years in Shenzhen Nanshan Area.Methods The oral inspection and the closed questionnaire survey were carried out by professional stomatologist according to World Health Organization＇s diagnosis standard and the method.Prevalence rate of caries,the caries filling rate and mean DMFT were selected as the statistic index and SPSS13.0 was used for the statistical analysis.Results The prevalence rates of deciduous tooth caries during 2006 to 2010 in Shenzhen Nanshan Area were 50.82%,37.10%,31.74%,29.50% and 28.68%,respectively,and the prevalence rates of permanent tooth caries were 10.79%,9.12%,9.36%,8.58% and 7.18%,respectively.The prevalence rates of deciduous and permanent tooth caries decreased with years（χ2 value was-0.224,-0.095,respectively,P0.05）.The filling rates of deciduous tooth caries from 2006 to 2010 were 10.56%,24.31%,24.47%,25.17% and 30.21%,respectively,the filling rates of permanent tooth caries from 2006 to 2010 were 28.42%,31.82%,32.44%,33.24% and 35.59%,respectively,the filling rates of deciduous and permanent tooth caries increased with years（χ2 value was 0.250,0.182,respectively,P0.05）.The mean DMEF of deciduousand permanent tooth of 2006 to 2010 showed no significant difference by Joinpoint regression analysis（APC=-3.69,-2.42,P0.05）.The questionnaire survey showed that the awareness rate of oral health care knowledge enhanced gradually from 2006 to 2010 in experiment school and the proportion of students who had correct oral health care behavior elevated year by year（χ2 =0.178,P0.05）.Conclusion Dental health educations in experiment site school can reduce the prevalence rate of tooth caries and raise the student＇s oral health knowledge level,and promote process of making good oral health habit.