Toxicologic studies associated with the agricultural use of municipal sewage sludge and health effects among sewage treatment plant workers |
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| Authors: | John G Babish Gilbert S Stoewsand Janet MScarlett Kranz Juanell N Boyd Virginia D Ahrens Donald J Lisk |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, USA;2. Veterinary Clinical Science and Medicine, New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, USA;3. Toxic Chemicals Laboratory, New York State College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 USA;4. Department of Food Science and Technology, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, New York 14456 USA |
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| Abstract: | The proposed use of municipal sewage sludges as soil amendments on agricultural land involves potential health risks. Sludges may contain toxic heavy metals, synthetic organics, and pathogens. Studies of animals inhabiting sludge-amended soils, or foraging on crops grown on such soils, have shown an increased deposition of cadmium and polychlorinated biphenyls in animal tissues, hepatic microsomal enzyme induction, altered blood profiles, appearance of mutagens in blood and excreta, and lowered feed intake, feed efficiency, and milk production. Epidemiologic evidence of possible adverse health effects among sewage plant workers exposed to aerosolized pathogens or synthetic organic vapors during wastewater treatment or land spreading of sludge is still inconclusive. Other possible deleterious environmental effects include pollution of groundwater and toxicity to birds consuming worms or insects inhabiting sludgetreated soils. |
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| Keywords: | To whom all correspondence should be addressed |
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