非结核分枝杆菌肺病的 MSCT 表现及诊断

目的：探讨非结核分枝杆菌（NTM）肺病的CT表现特点。方法回顾性分析在本院经MSCT扫描，并经双相培养基菌群鉴定明确诊断为NTM肺病的患者42例（NTM肺病组），与随机抽取的同期结核菌培养阳性并经菌群鉴定为肺结核的初治患者60例（肺结核组）的资料进行对照，并对9种C T征象检出及病灶分布特点进行分析、总结。对结果进行统计学分析，P＜0．05为差异有统计学意义。结果 NTM肺病组女性多见（χ2＝5．500，P＝0．019），平均年龄高于肺结核组，差异有统计学意义（ t＝3．456， P＝0．001）。NTM肺病组在中叶、舌段检出率明显高于肺结核组（χ2＝8．361，P＝0．004）。 Logistic回归分析结果显示支气管扩张和支气管狭窄或闭塞是NTM肺病的独立危险因素，是与肺结核区分的重要征象。结论 NTM 肺病CT表现有一定的特点，对临床诊断有提示作用。

MSCT findings and diagnosis of pulmonary non-tuberculosis mycobacteria disease

Objective To explore CT findings of pulmonary non‐tuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM ) disease .Methods Forty‐two patients with pulmonary NTM disease confirmed by the biphasic medium flora identification (NTM group) ,and 60 patients with lung tuberculosis (TB group) confirmed by the tubercle bacillus cultivation and flora identification in our hospital were included in the ret‐rospective analysis .9 CT signs and distribution features of the lesions were analyzed and compared between the two groups .The difference was statistically significant if P<0 .05 .Results Pulmonary NTM disease was more common in female patients (χ2=5 .500 ,P=0 .019) ,and the mean age was significantly older than that of the tuberculosis (t=3 .456 ,P=0 .001) .The detection rate in the right middle lobe and left tongue section was high in NTM group than in TB group (χ2 =8 .361 ,P=0 .004) .Logistic regression showed that bronchiectasis and bronchial stenosis or occlusion were independent risk factors for the NTM disease .They were important signs for the differential diagnosis from tuberculosis .Conclusion MSCT findings of pulmonary NTM disease have certain characteristic , which are helpful for the diagnosis .