慢性乙型肝炎患者HBV基因型及其临床意义

目的 了解广东地区慢性乙型肝炎患者HBV基因型特点及其临床意义。方法 用特异性引物扩增乙型肝炎病毒S基因区,采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)基因分型方法,对该地区55例慢性活动性乙型肝炎(CAH)患者感染的HBV进行基因分型,并与其临床生化结果、病毒定量和肝组织病理进行相关性分析。结果 B基因型28例(51.0%),C基因型18例(32.7%),D基因型4例(7.3%),B+C型4例(7.3%),未分型1例(1.8%)。其中年龄大于30岁的26例患者B和C基因型的丙氨酸转氨酶水平分别为(190.9±270.3)IU和(141.0±83.0)IU(t=0.532,P>0.05),肝脏病理炎症分级的平均秩次为10.4和11.8(Z=0.561,P>0.05),肝脏病理纤维化分期的平均秩次为10.5和11.7(Z=0.483,P>0.05),HBVDNA含量分别为106.8±1.4和108.5±1.1(t=2.989,P<0.05),HBeAg阳性数分别为2/12和8/9(Fisher’s精确概率P=0.002)。结论 广东地区HBV基因型主要为B型和C型;两种基因型感染者丙氨酸转氨酶水平、病毒复制水平、HBeAg表达水平以及肝脏病理炎症和纤维化程度无显著性差异;然而在年龄大于30岁的CAH患者中,感染C基因型的HBV病毒复制水平和HBeAg表达水平比感染B基因型者显著增高。

Genotyping of hepatitis B virus and its clinical significance in patients with chronic hepatitis B

Objective To investigate the distribution of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes in Guangdong and explore its clinical significance. Methods Fifty-five patients with chronic active hepatitis (CAH) from Guangdong province were included in this study. HBV surface gene amplified by PCR was analyzed by restriction fragments length polymorphism (RFLP) for HBV genotyping, and the relationship of HBV genotype with clinical, serological and histological data of the patients was analyzed. Results Twenty-eight out of 55 patients were infected with HBV strains of genotype B (51.0%), 18 with genotype C (32.7%), 4 with genotype D (7.3%), 4 with HBV classified as genotype B C (7.3%), and 1 (1.8%) with HBV that did not conform to any of the genotypes from A to G. No significant differences in clinical, histological, or serological data of HBV DNA loading were detected between genotypes B and C. But in patients older than 30 years, the genotype C was accompanied by significantly higher HBV DNA loading and serum HBeAg level than genotype B (Fisher's exact test, P=0.002). Conclusions HBV genotype B and C are the major genotypes prevalent in Guangdong Province. Genotype C is associated with the longer duration of HBeAg and higher HBV DNA level in patients older than 30 years, suggesting the higher risk of HBV genotype C infection to progress into chronic liver disease.