酶响应性纳米粒子治疗肿瘤:纳米粒子积累和药物释放的优势

背景:基于纳米药物递送系统在肿瘤中增强的渗漏与滞留效应,以设计对刺激产生响应的抗肿瘤药物递送载体是最近肿瘤治疗策略发展的一大方向.酶响应性纳米递送系统是其中重要的组成部分,以肿瘤特异性高表达的酶作为精准靶向目标,大幅提高靶向性能.目的:总结近年来肿瘤治疗研究中酶响应性纳米粒子的设计思路、靶向效率及抗肿瘤效果.方法:检索...

Enzyme-responsive nanoparticles in tumor therapy:superiority of nanoparticles in accumulation and drug release

BACKGROUND:Based on enhanced permeability and retention effect of nanoscale drug delivery systems in tumors,intelligent design of anti-tumor drug delivery vehicles has recently become a major direction in the development of tumor treatment strategies.Among them,the enzyme-responsive nanodelivery system has played a relatively important role,taking tumor-specific and highly expressed enzymes as precise targets so as to greatly improve targeting performance.OBJECTIVE:To summarize researches on the protocol,targeting efficiency and anti-tumor effects of enzyme-responsive nanoparticles in cancer treatment in recent years.METHODS:PubMed,Web of Science,CNKI and Wanfang databases were searched for the articles concerning the enzyme-responsive nanoparticles related to tumor treatment,with the search terms ofnanoparticles;neoplasms;enzymes;drug carriers;responsivein English and Chinese,respectively.After initial screening of all articles according to inclusion and exclusion criteria,those with higher relevance were retained for the successive review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Currently,enzyme-responsive nanoparticles are classified into two basic types in the article:drug-releasing type and functional type.Both are further divided into several sub-categories.Different designs target at corresponding tumors and their microenvironment characteristics.Among them,drug-releasing enzyme-responsive nanoparticles are designed to achieve controlled release of drugs at specific sites in tumors by enzyme response,while functional enzyme-responsive nanoparticles focus on improving the targeting efficiency and accumulation of nanoparticles in tumors.Both main types achieved specific release of drugs in tumors due to corresponding enzyme response,thereby reducing systemic toxicity and improving anti-tumor effects.According to current research trends,enzyme responsiveness is gradually turning into a part of the design of multiple responsive nanoparticle antitumor drugs in coming years.More tumor-specific enzymes and response mechanisms will be discovered to cope with complex tumor types and their microenvironment as well.