亲子互动疗法在学龄前ADHD儿童中的应用效果

近年来,国内外关于学龄前注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童的家庭干预得到了越来越多研究者的关注和重视,因其效果显著而被众多诊疗指南认定为学龄前ADHD儿童的一线治疗方法。亲子互动疗法(PCIT)是一种主要针对学龄前儿童问题行为的家庭养育行为干预方法,其中现场实时指导、亲子共同参与、科学严谨的评估等要素保证了干预效果。该方法能有效减轻ADHD儿童的核心症状和家长的育儿压力,增强亲子关系和提升家庭功能。本文对PCIT的独特优势、实施流程、影响机制等进行综述,以期为今后我国学龄前ADHD儿童PCIT的研究设计、本土化治疗方案的研发和临床应用提供参考和依据。

Application effect of parent-child interaction therapy in the preschool children with ADHD

In recent years,family intervention of preschool children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)has attracted more and more attention from researchers at home and abroad.Because of its remarkable effect,it has been recognized as the first-line treatment method for preschool children with ADHD by many diagnosis and treatment guidelines.Parent-child interaction therapy(PCIT)is a family rearing behavior intervention method mainly aimed at preschool children's problem behaviors,among them,the real-time guidance,parent-child participation,scientific and rigorous evaluation and other elements ensure the intervention effect.This method can effectively reduce the core symptoms of ADHD children and parenting pressure of parents,enhance the parent-child relationship and improve family function.In this paper,the unique advantages,implementation process and impact mechanism of PCIT were reviewed,in order to provide reference and basis for the research design,localization treatment scheme research and clinical application of PCIT in preschool children with ADHD in our country.