Documentation of Psychiatric Disorders and Related Factors in a Large Sample Population of HIV-Positive Patients in California

This retrospective cohort study examined electronic medical records of HIV-positive patients in California (N = 7,834) to find the prevalence of any psychiatric condition and the associations between several factors and the likelihood of these disorders. Approximately 53 % of the patients in this study had a documented psychiatric condition, including 23 % who had a mood disorder, 19 % who had a substance-related disorder, and 16 % who had an anxiety disorder. After controlling for potential confounders, significant positive associations (p < 0.001) were found between female gender and the presence of any mood disorder (adjusted odds ratio [95 % confidence interval, 95 %CI] = 1.58 [1.26–1.99]) or anxiety disorder (AOR = 1.54 [1.18–2.02]) and between homosexual orientation and the presence of any psychiatric condition (AOR = 1.33 [1.15–1.55]), mood disorder (AOR = 1.71 [1.42–2.07]), or anxiety disorder (AOR = 1.41 [1.22–1.88]). There were also significant negative associations between African-American race and the presence of any psychiatric condition (AOR = 0.68 [0.60–0.77]), mood disorder (AOR = 0.74 [0.64–0.86]), anxiety disorder (AOR = 0.43 [0.36–0.52]), or substance-related disorder (AOR = 0.78 [0.67–0.91]) and between state/federal insurance and the presence of any psychiatric condition (AOR = 0.70 [0.62–0.79]), mood disorder (AOR = 0.71 [0.62–0.80]), or anxiety disorder (AOR = 0.77 [0.66–0.89]).